RNA 2: A Non-Coding RNA Molecule Regulating MiRNA Levels (G4550)

Target Name: RNR2

NCBI ID: G4550

RNR2

Other Name(s): l-rRNA | MT-RNR2 | mitochondrially encoded 16S rRNA | MTRNR2 | mitochondrially encoded 16S RNA

RNA 2: A Non-Coding RNA Molecule Regulating MiRNA Levels

RNA-Nucleic Acid (RNA) is a vital molecule in all living organisms. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is a subclass of DNA and is composed of nitrogenous base pairs. There are two main types of RNA in the human body, mRNA (messenger RNA) and tRNA (transfer RNA). Each RNA molecule has a specific function in the cell. The RNA molecule we focus on in this article is Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 2 (RNR2).

RNR2 is a non-coding RNA molecule that is approximately 200 nucleotides long. It is synthesized from the DNA template molecule and is found in various cell types of the human body. It is a key player in the regulation of gene expression, specifically in the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) levels. RNA-Nucleic Acid 2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression by controlling the translation of specific genes into proteins.

One of the unique features of RNA is its ability to self-regulate. miRNA is a small non-coding RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene regulation by targeting mRNAs for degradation. miRNA targets are regions of the miRNA molecule that are highly conserved and are known as \"let-like\" regions. These regions are important for the stability and translation of the target mRNAs.

RNA 2 (RNR2) is a key regulator of miRNA levels. It is a double-stranded RNA molecule that is composed of 120 nucleotides. It has a specific binding site on the first exon of the miRNA molecule. This binding site is known as the \"anteronomous site\" and is the site where the RNA 2 molecule binds to the miRNA molecule.

Several studies have shown that RNA 2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of miRNA levels. It has been shown to interact with the miRNA molecule and to modulate the translation of specific genes into proteins. RNA 2 has also been shown to play a role in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, and translation.

RNA 2 has also been shown to be a potential drug target. Its regulation of miRNA levels makes it a potential target for small molecules that can modulate miRNA levels. This has led to a number of research studies aimed at identifying small molecules that can inhibit the activity of RNA 2 and modulate miRNA levels.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, RNA 2 is also a potential biomarker. Its regulation of miRNA levels makes it a potential indicator of the levels of miRNA in a cell. This has led to the use of RNA 2 as a potential marker for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

In conclusion, RNA-Nucleic Acid 2 (RNR2) is a non-coding RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression, specifically in the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) levels. Its regulation of miRNA levels makes it a potential drug target and a potential biomarker. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of RNA 2 in cellular processes and its potential as a drug and biomarker.

Protein Name: Mitochondrially Encoded 16S RNA

Functions: Plays a role as a neuroprotective factor (PubMed:11371646, PubMed:11717357, PubMed:12860203, PubMed:19386761, PubMed:12787071, PubMed:12154011). Protects against neuronal cell death induced by multiple different familial Alzheimer disease genes and amyloid-beta proteins in Alzheimer disease (PubMed:11371646, PubMed:11717357, PubMed:12860203, PubMed:19386761, PubMed:12787071, PubMed:12154011). Mediates its neuroprotective effect by interacting with a receptor complex composed of IL6ST/GP130, IL27RA/WSX1 and CNTFR (PubMed:19386761). Also acts as a ligand for G-protein coupled receptors FPR2/FPRL1 and FPR3/FPRL2 (PubMed:15465011). Inhibits amyloid-beta protein 40 fibril formation (PubMed:27349871). Also inhibits amyloid-beta protein 42 fibril formation (PubMed:28282805). Suppresses apoptosis by binding to BAX and preventing the translocation of BAX from the cytosol to mitochondria (PubMed:12732850, PubMed:26990160). Also suppresses apoptosis by binding to BID and inhibiting the interaction of BID with BAX and BAK which prevents oligomerization of BAX and BAK and suppresses release of apoptogenic proteins from mitochondria (PubMed:15661737). Forms fibers with BAX and also with BID, inducing BAX and BID conformational changes and sequestering them into the fibers which prevents their activation (PubMed:31690630, PubMed:33106313). Can also suppress apoptosis by interacting with BIM isoform BimEL, inhibiting BimEL-induced activation of BAX, blocking oligomerization of BAX and BAK, and preventing release of apoptogenic proteins from mitochondria (PubMed:15661735). Plays a role in up-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein BIRC6/APOLLON, leading to inhibition of neuronal cell death (PubMed:25138702). Binds to IGFBP3 and specifically blocks IGFBP3-induced cell death (PubMed:14561895, PubMed:26216267). Competes with importin KPNB1 for binding to IGFBP3 which is likely to block IGFBP3 nuclear import (PubMed:26216267). Induces chemotaxis of mononuclear phagocytes via FPR2/FPRL1 (PubMed:15153530). Reduces aggregation and fibrillary formation by suppressing the effect of APP on mononuclear phagocytes and acts by competitively inhibiting the access of FPR2 to APP (PubMed:15153530). Protects retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells against oxidative stress-induced and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis (PubMed:26990160, PubMed:27783653). Promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in RPE cells following oxidative stress and promotes STAT3 phosphorylation which leads to inhibition of CASP3 release (PubMed:26990160). Also reduces CASP4 levels in RPE cells, suppresses ER stress-induced mitochondrial superoxide production and plays a role in up-regulation of mitochondrial glutathione (PubMed:27783653). Reduces testicular hormone deprivation-induced apoptosis of germ cells at the nonandrogen-sensitive stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle (PubMed:19952275). Protects endothelial cells against free fatty acid-induced inflammation by suppressing oxidative stress, reducing expression of TXNIP and inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome which inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 (PubMed:32923762). Protects against high glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction by mediating activation of ERK5 which leads to increased expression of transcription factor KLF2 and prevents monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:30029058). Inhibits the inflammatory response in astrocytes (PubMed:23277413). Increases the expression of PPARGC1A/PGC1A in pancreatic beta cells which promotes mitochondrial biogenesis (PubMed:29432738). Increases insulin sensitivity (PubMed:19623253)

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•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
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The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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