Unveiling IGHV4-31: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G28396)

Target Name: IGHV4-31

NCBI ID: G28396

IGHV4-31

Other Name(s): immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-31 | Immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-31 | FLJ45507 | IGHV431

Unveiling IGHV4-31: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Unveiling the Potential Drug Target IGHV4-31: A promising Immunoglobulin Heavy Variable (IgHV) gene for Therapeutic Intervention

Immunoglobulin heavy variable (IgHV) genes are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in the production of antibodies, the body's primary defense against infections. The IGHV genes are composed of variable regions that generate unique antigens specific for various pathogens and self-antigens. IGHV4-31, a specific member of this family, has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various therapeutic interventions.

Overview of IGHV4-31

IGHV4-31 is a 193-kDa glycoprotein that consists of a variable region containing 116 amino acids and a constant region containing 118 amino acids. It is expressed in various tissues, including the spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood, and has been implicated in the immune response to infection and autoimmune disorders.

IGHV4-31 functions as a receptor for antigens, allowing it to interact with various cytokines and chemokines. This interaction is critical for the regulation of cellular processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. IGHV4-31 has been shown to regulate the activity of natural killer cells (NKCs), which are a crucial immune response to cancer and other diseases.

Drug Target Potential

The drug targeting potential of IGHV4-31 is derived from its unique functions in the immune system. IGHV4-31 has been shown to modulate the activity of NKCs, which are involved in the regulation of cancer growth and immune surveillance. By targeting IGHV4-31, researchers may be able to develop new therapeutic interventions for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infections.

One of the key advantages of IGHV4-31 as a drug target is its unique expression pattern. IGHV4-31 is mainly expressed in the spleen, which suggests that targeting it may be specific and less invasive than targeting other tissues. Additionally, because IGHV4-31 is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm, it is less likely to be involved in the production of cross-reacting antibodies, which can be a potential adverse effect of some drugs.

Another potential advantage of IGHV4-31 is its involvement in the regulation of NKCs. NKCs are a crucial immune response to cancer and other diseases, and their activity is tightly regulated by various factors. IGHV4-31 has been shown to regulate the activity of NKCs, which suggests that targeting it may be an effective way to enhance the immune response against cancer and other diseases.

Biomarker Potential

IGHV4-31 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for various diseases. Its unique expression pattern and involvement in the immune response make it an attractive candidate for diagnostic applications. For instance, IGHV4-31 has been shown to be expressed in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer. This suggests that targeting IGHV4-31 may be an effective way to diagnose and treat these diseases.

Furthermore, IGHV4-31 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of autoimmune disorders. Its involvement in the regulation of NKCs suggests that targeting IGHV4-31 may be an effective way to treat autoimmune disorders. Additionally, IGHV4-31 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation, which is a crucial aspect of many autoimmune disorders.

Conclusion

In conclusion, IGHV4-31 is a promising immunoglobulin heavy variable gene that has the potential to be a drug target or biomarker for various diseases. Its unique expression pattern and involvement in the immune response make it an attractive candidate for therapeutic interventions. Further research is needed to fully understand its potential and develop effective treatments for various diseases.

Protein Name: Immunoglobulin Heavy Variable 4-31

Functions: V region of the variable domain of immunoglobulin heavy chains that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes. In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells. Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268). The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain. Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen. The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:17576170)

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