A Promising Drug Target: IGHJ3 (Immunoglobulin Heavy Joining 3)

Target Name: IGHJ3

NCBI ID: G28479

IGHJ3

Other Name(s): Immunoglobulin heavy joining 3 | JH3b | immunoglobulin heavy joining 3

A Promising Drug Target: IGHJ3 (Immunoglobulin Heavy Joining 3)

Immunoglobulin heavy joining 3 (IGHJ3), also known as human CD28 superagonist, is a type of immunoglobulin (Ig) that plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell-mediated immunity. It is one of the five classes of Ig proteins, along with IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. IGHJ3 is the third member of this class, and its unique structure and function make it an attractive drug target for researchers.

The Protein Structure and Function

IGHJ3 is a single-chain variable region antibody with a molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa. It consists of two heavy chains and two light chains that are held together by disulfide bonds. The heavy chains contain four constant (C) regions and one variable (V) region, while the light chains contain one variable (V) region and one constant (C) region.

One of the most significant features of IGHJ3 is its ability to form immune complexes with antigens. When an antigen binds to IGHJ3, the protein forms a stable complex with high affinity. This high affinity makes IGHJ3 an excellent candidate for use as an immunomodulatory drug.

IGHJ3 has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of CD28, a protein that is involved in the activation and proliferation of T cells. CD28 is a seven-transmembrane protein that consists of a variable region, a constant region, and a C-terminal region that contains a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. IGHJ3 has been shown to interact with CD28 and enhance its activity in promoting T cell activation and proliferation.

Additionally, IGHJ3 has been shown to regulate the activity of T follicular helper 1 (TFH1), a critical regulator of follicular development and function. TFH1 is a transmembrane protein that contains a C-terminal region that contains a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. IGHJ3 has been shown to interact with TFH1 and regulate its activity in promoting follicular development and function.

Drug Targeting

The high affinity of IGHJ3 for CD28 and TFH1 makes it an attractive drug target for researchers. Several studies have shown that inhibitors of IGHJ3 can be effective in treating various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

One of the most effective inhibitors of IGHJ3 is a small molecule called OCH-1012, which is a potent inhibitor of IGHJ3. OCH-1012 is currently being tested as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of RA. In a clinical trial, OCH-1012 showed promise in reducing the symptoms of RA and improving the overall health of patients.

Another promising drug that targets IGHJ3 is a monoclonal antibody called adalimumab (Humira). Adalimumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets a specific epitope on IGHJ3. It has been shown to be effective in treating RA and other autoimmune diseases.

Conclusion

IGHJ3 is an attractive drug target for researchers due to its unique structure and function as an immunoglobulin. Its ability to form immune complexes with antigens and its critical role in the regulation of CD28 and TFH1 make it an excellent candidate for use as an immunomodulatory drug. Several studies have shown that inhibitors of IGHJ3 have promise in treating various autoimmune diseases, including RA and SLE. Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of IGHJ3

Protein Name: Immunoglobulin Heavy Joining 3

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•   general information;
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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
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