TREM2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

Target Name: TREM2

NCBI ID: G54209

TREM2

TREM2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. It is a common cause of movement disorders, including tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Although there is currently no cure for Parkinson's disease, the development of new treatments is ongoing. TREM2, a protein that is expressed in the brains of individuals with Parkinson's disease, has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for the treatment of this disease.

The Protein TREM2

TREM2 is a protein that is expressed in the brains of individuals with Parkinson's disease. It is a small intracellular protein that is involved in the regulation of dopamine synthesis and storage. TREM2 is composed of 215 amino acid residues and has a calculated pI of 19.9 nM. It is expressed in the brain and is also found in other tissues, including the heart, skeletal muscles, and liver. TREM2 has been shown to play a role in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease.

The Potential Role of TREM2 as a Drug Target

TREM2 has been shown to be involved in the production of dopamine in the brain. It is known that dopamine is a key neurotransmitter that is involved in the transmission of signals in the brain. The loss of dopamine-producing neurons in Parkinson's disease is thought to contribute to the symptoms of this disease. Therefore, targeting TREM2 as a drug target may be a promising approach to the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

One way to target TREM2 is through the use of small molecules, such as drugs that can modulate the activity of TREM2. These drugs can be administered to the brain and are designed to either activate or inhibit the activity of TREM2. One such drug is called TREM2 agonist 1252, which is a small molecule that binds to a specific site on TREM2 and increases the activity of the protein.

Another approach to targeting TREM2 is through the use of antibodies. These antibodies are designed to recognize and bind to specific regions of TREM2, and can be used to either activate or inhibit the activity of the protein. One such antibody is called TREM2 monoclonal antibody, which is designed to recognize and bind to a specific region of TREM2 in the brain.

The Potential Role of TREM2 as a Biomarker

TREM2 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and progression of Parkinson's disease. The loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain is thought to contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease, and the levels of TREM2 in the brain may be a useful indicator of the severity and progression of this disease.

One way to use TREM2 as a biomarker is through the use of a technique called enzyme immunoprecipitation (EIP). In EIP, a specific antibody is used to bind to a specific protein, and then the protein is isolated from the cells using a technique called affinity chromatography. The remaining protein, which has not been bound by the antibody, can then be used as a biomarker.

Another way to use TREM2 as a biomarker is through the use of a technique called western blotting. In this technique, a specific protein is used to load the antibody onto a piece of protein blot,

Protein Name: Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid Cells 2

Functions: Forms a receptor signaling complex with TYROBP which mediates signaling and cell activation following ligand binding (PubMed:10799849). Acts as a receptor for amyloid-beta protein 42, a cleavage product of the amyloid-beta precursor protein APP, and mediates its uptake and degradation by microglia (PubMed:27477018, PubMed:29518356). Binding to amyloid-beta 42 mediates microglial activation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL6R and CCL3, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine ARG1 (By similarity). Acts as a receptor for lipoprotein particles such as LDL, VLDL, and HDL and for apolipoproteins such as APOA1, APOA2, APOB, APOE, APOE2, APOE3, APOE4, and CLU and enhances their uptake in microglia (PubMed:27477018). Binds phospholipids (preferably anionic lipids) such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingomyelin (PubMed:29794134). Regulates microglial proliferation by acting as an upstream regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade (By similarity). Required for microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons (PubMed:24990881). Also required for microglial activation and phagocytosis of myelin debris after neuronal injury and of neuronal synapses during synapse elimination in the developing brain (By similarity). Regulates microglial chemotaxis and process outgrowth, and also the microglial response to oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide (By similarity). It suppresses PI3K and NF-kappa-B signaling in response to lipopolysaccharide; thus promoting phagocytosis, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production, inhibiting apoptosis and increasing expression of IL10 and TGFB (By similarity). During oxidative stress, it promotes anti-apoptotic NF-kappa-B signaling and ERK signaling (By similarity). Plays a role in microglial MTOR activation and metabolism (By similarity). Regulates age-related changes in microglial numbers (PubMed:29752066). Triggers activation of the immune responses in macrophages and dendritic cells (PubMed:10799849). Mediates cytokine-induced formation of multinucleated giant cells which are formed by the fusion of macrophages (By similarity). In dendritic cells, it mediates up-regulation of chemokine receptor CCR7 and dendritic cell maturation and survival (PubMed:11602640). Involved in the positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:12925681)

The "TREM2 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about TREM2 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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