SPAM1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Various Diseases

Target Name: SPAM1

NCBI ID: G6677

SPAM1

SPAM1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Various Diseases

SPAM1 (Hyaluronidase PH-20 (isoform 1)) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, hair, nails, and gastrointestinal tract. It is a member of the hyaluronidase family, which includes enzymes that belong to the N-linked glycosylation (N-Gly) and N-acetyl-N-glutamyl hydrolase (NAGL) families. These enzymes are involved in the degradation of hyaluronic acid, which is a component of connective tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) and is essential for maintaining tissue hydration and elasticity.

SPAM1 is a 20-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the skin, hair, nails, and gastrointestinal tract. It is highly conserved, with a calculated amino acid sequence of 201 amino acids. SPAM1 is localized to the cytoplasm and is associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the trans-endoplasmic reticulum (TER) in the cytosol. It is also associated with the perinucleus, a region of the cytosol that is rich in organelles that are involved in the production of cytosol.

SPAM1 is involved in the degradation of hyaluronic acid, which is a component of connective tissue ECM and is essential for maintaining tissue hydration and elasticity. Hyaluronic acid is produced by the hydration of chitin, a protein that is synthesized in the skin and other connective tissues. Once synthesized, hyaluronic acid is degraded by enzymes that belong to the hyaluronidase family, including SPAM1. The degradation of hyaluronic acid by SPAM1 is critical for maintaining tissue hydration and elasticity.

SPAM1 is a potential drug target for various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and connective tissue diseases. For example, SPAM1-deficient mice are more susceptible to skin inflammation, including atopic dermatitis, than control mice. Additionally, SPAM1-deficient human patients have been shown to have increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, including breast and ovarian cancer.

SPAM1 is also a potential biomarker for certain diseases, including cancer. For example, SPAM1-expressing cancer cells have been shown to be more resistant to chemotherapy than non-SPAM1-expressing cancer cells. Additionally, SPAM1-expressing cancer cells have been shown to have a higher expression of cell cycle-related genes, including cyclin D1, compared to non-SPAM1-expressing cancer cells.

SPAM1 is also involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis. For example, SPAM1 is involved in the production of adenosine, a molecule that plays a role in modulating pain and inflammation. Additionally, SPAM1 is involved in the production of histamine, a molecule that is involved in allergic responses and inflammation.

SPAM1 is a versatile protein that is involved in a variety of cellular processes that are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Its involvement in the degradation of hyaluronic acid, which is essential for maintaining tissue hydration and elasticity, makes it a potential drug target for various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and connective tissue diseases. Additionally, SPAM1 is a potential biomarker for cancer and has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of SPAM1 in these processes and its potential as a drug target or biomarker.

Protein Name: Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1

Functions: Involved in sperm-egg adhesion. Upon fertilization sperm must first penetrate a layer of cumulus cells that surrounds the egg before reaching the zona pellucida. The cumulus cells are embedded in a matrix containing hyaluronic acid which is formed prior to ovulation. This protein aids in penetrating the layer of cumulus cells by digesting hyaluronic acid

The "SPAM1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about SPAM1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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