TRBV5-8: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 5-8

Target Name: TRBV5-8

NCBI ID: G28607

TRBV5-8

Other Name(s): T cell receptor beta variable 5-8 | TCRBV5S4A2T | TRBV58 | TCRBV5S8

TRBV5-8: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 5-8

Abstract:

T cell receptor beta variable 5-8 (TRBV5-8) is a key regulator of T cell responses to viruses and cancer. Dependence on TRBV5-8 has been implicated in the development of numerous autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. In this article, we review the current understanding of TRBV5-8, its role in T cell responses, and its potential as a drug target and biomarker.

Introduction:

T cells are a crucial immune system cell that play a critical role in fighting off infections and diseases. T cell receptor (TCR), a key component of T cells, is responsible for recognizing and responding to foreign antigens in the environment. The TRBV5 -8 gene encodes the T cell receptor beta variable 5-8 subunit, which is a critical regulator of T cell responses to viruses and cancer.

Expression and Functions of TRBV5-8:

TRBV5-8 is a 190 amino acid long protein that consists of two distinct subunits: a variable region and an constant region. The variable region is the site of the majority of the TRBV5-8 functions, including its ability to recognize antigens and engage with them via the ITAMs (Itamyl amine) signaling pathway. The constant region, which includes a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NBD) and a carboxy-terminal domain, plays a structural role in maintaining TRBV5-8 stability and interacts with various cellular signaling pathways.

Involvement in T Cell Response:

TRBV5-8 is involved in a wide range of T cell responses, including cell survival, proliferation, and clonal expansion. Studies have shown that TRBV5-8 plays a critical role in regulating the development and function of CD4+ T cells, which are responsible for the majority of immune responses against viruses and cancer. In addition, TRBV5-8 is involved in the regulation of negative signaling pathways that can induce cell death, such as the DNA damage-inducible gene 1 (DDI1) pathway.

Disease association with TRBV5-8:

The TRBV5-8 gene has been implicated in the development of numerous autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. Studies have shown that individuals with these diseases often have reduced expression of TRBV5-8, as well as alterations in its downstream signaling pathways. In addition, individuals with certain cancers, such as melanoma and lung cancer, have also been found to have reduced TRBV5-8 expression.

Drug targeting TRBV5-8:

Given its involvement in T cell responses and its implication in numerous autoimmune diseases, TRBV5-8 is an attractive drug target. Several studies have shown that inhibition of TRBV5-8 can lead to the inhibition of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, TRBV5- 8 has been shown to be involved in cancer progression, and inhibition of its signaling pathway has been shown to be effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth.

Biomarker potential:

TRBV5-8 has also been shown to be a potential biomarker for several diseases, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. Studies have shown that TRBV5-8 levels are often reduced in individuals with certain diseases, and that the levels of TRBV5-8 can be used as a biomarker to monitor disease progression. In addition, TR

Protein Name: T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 5-8

Functions: V region of the variable domain of T cell receptor (TR) beta chain that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)

The "TRBV5-8 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about TRBV5-8 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

More Common Targets