TRBV27: A Potential Drug Target for T-Cell Receptor Signaling

Target Name: TRBV27

NCBI ID: G28560

TRBV27

Other Name(s): TCRBV14S1 | TCRBV27S1 | T cell receptor beta variable 27

TRBV27: A Potential Drug Target for T-Cell Receptor Signaling

TRBV27 (TcRBV14S1) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body, including the brain, heart, and kidneys. It is a member of the T-cell receptor (TCR) family, which is a critical signaling pathway in the immune system. The TRBV27 protein has been identified as a potential drug target (or biomarker) due to its unique structure and the signaling pathways that it involves.

The TRBV27 protein is composed of 27 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 34 kDa. It is expressed in various tissues of the body, including the brain, heart, and kidneys. It is highly expressed in the brain, where it is found in the postsynaptic density of microglia, which are a type of immune cell that are responsible for responding to neurotransmitters. It is also expressed in the heart and kidneys, where it is involved in the regulation of ion channels and blood pressure.

One of the unique features of TRBV27 is its structure. It has a split cytoplasmic tail, which is a structural feature that is not seen in many proteins. The cytoplasmic tail is involved in the regulation of the protein's stability and localization to different cell types. The split cytoplasmic tail allows TRBV27 to interact with other proteins and molecules, which may be important for its function.

TRBV27 is involved in several signaling pathways, including the TCR signaling pathway. The TCR is a critical signaling pathway that is involved in the regulation of immune responses and cell survival. It is composed of a core region that contains a transmembrane protein tyrosine kinase, which is responsible for the signaling of intracellular signals. The TCR signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival, and it is a potential drug target.

TRBV27 is involved in the regulation of the TCR signaling pathway by several different mechanisms. One of the ways that TRBV27 interacts with the TCR is through a process called co-regulation. Co-regulation refers to the regulation of gene expression by other proteins, which can includeTRBV27. The TRBV27 protein can interact with the TCR through its cytoplasmic tail, and this interaction may be important for the regulation of TCR signaling pathway.

Another way that TRBV27 interacts with the TCR is through a process called adaptor protein-mediated signaling. Adaptor proteins are proteins that can interact with other proteins and facilitate their interactions. TRBV27 is a potential adaptor protein that can interact with the TCR through its cytoplasmic tail. This interaction may be important for the regulation of TCR signaling pathway.

In conclusion, TRBV27 is a protein that is expressed in various tissues of the body and is involved in several signaling pathways, including the TCR signaling pathway. Its unique structure and the various mechanisms that it involves in the regulation of TCR signaling pathway make it a potential drug target (or biomarker) for the development of new therapies. Further research is needed to fully understand the functions of TRBV27 and its potential as a drug target.

Protein Name: T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 27

Functions: V region of the variable domain of T cell receptor (TR) beta chain that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)

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