Introduction to ARPC4-TTLL3, A Potential Drug Target (G100526693)

Target Name: ARPC4-TTLL3

NCBI ID: G100526693

ARPC4-TTLL3

Introduction to ARPC4-TTLL3, A Potential Drug Target

ARPC4-TTLL3, a fascinating drug target and biomarker, has gained significant attention in the field of biomedical research. This article delves into the intricacies of ARPC4-TTLL3, exploring its importance, functions, and potential applications in medicine.

Understanding ARPC4-TTLL3

ARPC4-TTLL3 is a fusion protein derived from the fusion gene ARPC4-TTLL3 on chromosome 7. This fusion protein plays pivotal roles in physiological processes such as cell division, microtubule dynamics, and signal transduction pathways. It consists of two key domains: the N-terminal actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 (ARPC4) domain and the C-terminal tubulin tyrosine ligase-like protein 3 (TTLL3) domain.

Functions of ARPC4-TTLL3

1. Direct involvement in microtubule dynamics: ARPC4-TTLL3 participates in regulating microtubule growth and stability. It plays a crucial role in orchestrating the formation of microtubule networks within cells, affecting cellular morphology, intracellular trafficking, and cytoskeletal organization.

2. Cell division and mitotic spindle assembly: ARPC4-TTLL3 has been implicated in cell division, particularly in the assembly and organization of the mitotic spindle. This process is crucial for ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during cell division.

3. Cell migration and motility: ARPC4-TTLL3 also contributes to cell migration and motility by modulating the formation and dynamics of actin filaments. It regulates the protrusion and retraction of cell membrane extensions, facilitating cellular movement in processes such as wound healing and immune response.

ARPC4-TTLL3 as a Drug Target

Targeting ARPC4-TTLL3 for therapeutic interventions holds great promise. By selectively inhibiting or modulating its activity, it is possible to impact various disease pathways where this fusion protein plays a significant role.

1. Cancer: ARPC4-TTLL3 has been shown to be dysregulated in several types of cancers, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers. Inhibiting its activity may provide a potential avenue for cancer treatment, as it could disrupt the microtubule dynamics necessary for tumor growth and metastasis.

2. Neurodegenerative diseases: Studies have linked ARPC4-TTLL3 to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In these conditions, dysregulation of microtubule dynamics and intracellular transport mechanisms are observed. Targeting ARPC4-TTLL3 may help restore normal neuronal function and slow down disease progression.

3. Infectious diseases: Given the importance of ARPC4-TTLL3 in cellular motility and migration, inhibiting its function could hinder the invasion and spread of pathogens. This approach might prove effective in the treatment of various infectious diseases, including malaria and bacterial infections.

ARPC4-TTLL3 as a Biomarker

Apart from its potential as a drug target, ARPC4-TTLL3 also shows promise as a biomarker for various diseases. Biomarkers are measurable substances that indicate the presence or progression of a disease. ARPC4-TTLL3 has been associated with the following conditions:

1. Cancer diagnosis and prognosis: Elevated levels of ARPC4-TTLL3 have been detected in certain cancers, such as breast and colorectal cancers. Detecting and monitoring its levels in blood samples or tissue biopsies may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, helping clinicians make informed treatment decisions.

2. Neurodegenerative disease progression: Changes in ARPC4-TTLL3 expression levels have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases. Monitoring its levels in cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue samples could potentially aid in disease diagnosis and tracking disease progression.

3. Inflammatory conditions: ARPC4-TTLL3 has been implicated in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Measurement of its levels in biological fluids such as blood or synovial fluid might assist in guiding treatment strategies and evaluating treatment efficacy.

Conclusion

ARPC4-TTLL3, with its myriad functions and potential applications, has emerged as an exciting drug target and biomarker. Further research and exploration of this fusion protein can lead to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches, improving patient outcomes across various diseases. ARPC4-TTLL3's diverse roles in cellular processes highlight its significance as a potential avenue for targeted therapies and as a valuable biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Protein Name: ARPC4-TTLL3 Readthrough

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