tubulin monoglutamylase (TTLL4): A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Target Name: TTLL4

NCBI ID: G9654

TTLL4

tubulin monoglutamylase (TTLL4): A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Introduction

Tubulin monoglutamylase (TTLL4) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the assembly and disassembly of microtubules in eukaryotic cells. It is a member of the supersulfite (Hsp70) family, an important class of protein components in organisms , involved in regulating many biological processes, such as cell division, cell cycle progression, cell migration, and apoptosis. Abnormal expression or dysfunction of TTLL4 is closely related to many diseases, such as tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, immune deficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, TTLL4 has become a research subject that has attracted much attention and is considered as a potential drug target and biomarker.

The functions and structural characteristics of TTLL4

TTLL4 is a 12kDa polypeptide whose N-terminus is rich in phenylalanine (phenylalanine is an important amino acid that plays an important role in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure and pH value), while its C-terminus is rich in phenylalanine. Cysteine 鈥嬧??(Cysteine 鈥嬧?媔s a sulfur-containing amino acid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties). The active center of TTLL4 is located on the side chain of phenylalanine, and it catalyzes the formation of adducts of specific substrates in vivo by specifically binding to substrates.

The structural and functional characteristics of TTLL4 make it a potential drug target. First, TTLL4 is up-regulated in a variety of cancers, and its expression level is positively correlated with disease severity and patient survival rate. Secondly, TTLL4 is closely related to key processes such as angiogenesis, fibrosis and cell proliferation in the tumor microenvironment, which provides new ideas for finding tumor treatment strategies. In addition, the abnormal expression of TTLL4 in neurodegenerative diseases, immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases also indicates that it may be closely related to the occurrence and development of these diseases.

Biomedical value of TTLL4

1. As a drug target

As a class of high-profile targets, TTLL4 has attracted extensive research interest. Many laboratory and clinical trials are exploring TTLL4's potential as a drug target and developing new drugs. At present, some research teams have discovered proteins related to TTLL4 and drug effects, and have conducted drug screening and evaluation on these proteins. Some studies have also shown that TTLL4 inhibitors can significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, thus providing new clues for TTLL4 as a tumor therapeutic drug.

2. As a biomarker

TTLL4 is up-regulated in a variety of diseases and therefore can be used as a potential biomarker to detect disease status and disease progression. Several studies have explored the use of TTLL4 as a biomarker. For example, TTLL4 can be used to assess the severity of Alzheimer's Disease, predict disease progression, and evaluate drug efficacy. In addition, TTLL4 can also be used as a tumor biomarker to evaluate the survival rate, disease progression and treatment effect of tumor patients.

Prospects for drug development of TTLL4

As a potential drug target, TTLL4 has attracted widespread attention and research. Although some proteins related to TTLL4 have been discovered, the detailed mechanism and mode of action of TTLL4 as a drug target still require further study. In the future, with the continuous development of drug screening and bioinformatics technology, it is expected to find more drug targets related to TTLL4, thereby providing new strategies and drugs for the treatment of various diseases.

Protein Name: Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase Like 4

Functions: Monoglutamylase which modifies both tubulin and non-tubulin proteins, adding a single glutamate on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues of target proteins. Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction but not in the elongation step. Preferentially modifies beta-tail tubulin over the alpha-tubulin. Monoglutamylates nucleosome assembly proteins NAP1L1 and NAP1L4. Monoglutamylates nucleotidyltransferase CGAS, leading to inhibition of CGAS catalytic activity, thereby preventing antiviral defense function. Involved in KLF4 glutamylation which impedes its ubiquitination, thereby leading to somatic cell reprogramming, pluripotency maintenance and embryogenesis

The "TTLL4 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about TTLL4 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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