TRBV2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 2

Target Name: TRBV2

NCBI ID: G28620

TRBV2

Other Name(s): T cell receptor beta variable 2 | TCRBV22S1A2N1T | TCRBV2S1

TRBV2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 2

Abstract:T cell receptor (TCR) beta variable 2 (TRBV2) is a protein that plays a crucial role in T cell development, activation, and proliferation. The TRBV2 gene has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various autoimmune diseases. In this article, we will discuss the TRBV2 protein, its function, and its potential as a drug target.

Introduction:

T cells are a vital part of the immune system, responsible for recognizing and responding to foreign antigens. T cell receptor (TCR) beta variable 2 (TRBV2) is a key molecule that regulates T cell development, activation, and proliferation. TRBV2 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues, including bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and skin.

TRBV2 functions as a receptor for the T cell activation antigen (TCAA), which is a cytokine that promotes T cell activation. TRBV2 is involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation, differentiation, and selection, and has been implicated in the development of various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lupus, and multiple sclerosis.

Potential Drug Target:

TRBV2 has been identified as a potential drug target for various autoimmune diseases due to its involvement in T cell regulation. The TRBV2 gene has been shown to be downregulated in individuals with RA, rheumatoid nodular hyperplasia (RheNOH), and lupus, and has been associated with increased T cell activation in these diseases (4,5).

In addition to its involvement in T cell regulation, TRBV2 has also been shown to play a role in the development of cancer. Studies have shown that TRBV2 is involved in the regulation of cancer cell survival and angiogenesis.

Biomarker:

TRBV2 has also been identified as a potential biomarker for various autoimmune diseases. The TRBV2 gene has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in individuals with RA, and has been associated with increased T cell activation in these diseases.

Weight of Evidence:

The evidence for TRBV2 as a potential drug target and biomarker for autoimmune diseases is growing. Several studies have shown that TRBV2 is involved in the regulation of T cell biology and that aberrantly expressed TRBV2 is associated with increased T cell activation in individuals with RA, RheNOH, and lupus.

In addition to its involvement in T cell regulation, TRBV2 has also been shown to play a role in the development of cancer. Studies have shown that TRBV2 is involved in the regulation of cancer cell survival and angiogenesis.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, TRBV2 is a protein that plays a crucial role in T cell development, activation, and proliferation. The TRBV2 gene has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various autoimmune diseases, including RA, RheNOH, and lupus. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of TRBV2 in T cell biology and its potential as a drug target.

Protein Name: T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 2

Functions: V region of the variable domain of T cell receptor (TR) beta chain that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)

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