The function and regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)

The function and regulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)

TERT is a crucial component of telomerase holoenzymes, which play a role in telomere maintenance and cell immortalization. Telomerase assembly and function rely on various factors, including telomerase holoenzyme proteins and chaperones. TERT has been observed to have extracurricular mechanisms, including its involvement in tumor invasion and progression by regulating miRNAs like miR500A. Knockdown of TERT expression has also been shown to affect cell viability and proliferation. Regulatory factors, such as IPO13 and RFPL3, mediate the expression and transport of TERT to the nucleus. Additionally, the genomic structure of TERT exhibits specific elements and histone markers that impact its regulation. The binding of other proteins like HuR to TERT-associated RNA (TERC) affects telomerase activity through TERC methylation. Overall, these findings provide insights into the complex mechanisms and regulation of TERT in various cellular processes and diseases.
Based on the provided context, here is a comprehensive summary of key viewpoints related to hTERT (synonymous with TERT):

CRISPR Interference System: The schematic describes the use of the CRISPR interference system to selectively control the expression of downstream output sgRNAs in bladder cancer cells. The system involves combining the dCas9-KRAB system, hTERT, and the hUPII promoter to regulate gene expression.

Mechanism of CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB System: The mechanism of the CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB system is elaborated in parts A, B, C, and D of the provided context. In part A, CBP sgRNA and p300 sgRNA mature and remain in the nucleus. They then combine with the dCas9-KRAB protein to suppress the transcription of CBP and P300 genes. In part B, only p300 sgRNA matures and combines with dCas9-KRAB protein to inhibit p300 transcription. Parts C and D provide further insights into the mechanism of the CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB system.

Gene Suppression in Bladder Cancer Cells: The CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB system is specifically designed to control gene expression in bladder cancer cells. By targeting specific sgRNAs and using hTERT in combination with the dCas9-KRAB system, the system aims to suppress the transcription of target genes involved in bladder cancer.

Overall, the provided information focuses on the CRISPR interference system and its mechanism utilizing dCas9-KRAB, hTERT, and specific sgRNAs to regulate gene expression in bladder cancer cells. It showcases the potential of this system to selectively control downstream gene transcription, particularly in the context of CBP and P300 genes.

Protein Name: Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase

Functions: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis

The "TERT Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about TERT comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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