TRBV18: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor尾 Variants

Target Name: TRBV18

NCBI ID: G28569

TRBV18

Other Name(s): T cell receptor beta variable 18 | TCRBV18S1

TRBV18: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for T Cell Receptor尾 Variants

T cells are a crucial part of the immune system, and their function is highly dependent on the T cell receptor (TCR), which plays a critical role in recognizing and responding to foreign antigens. TCR尾, the most abundant TCR subtype, is involved in cell survival and proliferation, and its variants have been associated with various autoimmune diseases. One of the variants, TRBV18, has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for TCR尾 variants.

TRBV18 is a single-chain variable region TCR尾 subunit that is different from the standard TCR尾 subtype. It has 24 amino acid differences between its C-terminus and the standard TCR尾 subtype. These differences include a substitution of Asp for Asn at position 18, which results in a change from Glu-189 to Asn-189. TRBV18 is expressed in most tissues and cell types, including the spleen, lymph nodes, and spleen-derived lymphocytes.

TRBV18 has been implicated in the development and progression of various autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), a type of autoimmune anemia that is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells. AIHA is a serious and life-threatening condition that can be treated with splenectomy, but the long-term outcomes are often poor. The development of TRBV18 variants in AIHA patients has been linked to an increased risk of disease progression and a decreased response to treatment.

In addition to its association with AIHA, TRBV18 has also been implicated in the development of other autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. These conditions are characterized by the production of autoantibodies and the destruction of autoantigen-presented targets, including T cells. The presence of TRBV18 variants in these diseases has been associated with an increased risk of disease progression and an enhanced immune response.

TRBV18 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of T cell function and survival. In various cell culture and animal models, TRBV18 has been shown to promote the survival and proliferation of T cells, and it has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. These properties make TRBV18 an attractive drug target and biomarker for TCR尾 variants.

One of the challenges in studying TRBV18 is its high degree of conservation, which makes it difficult to identify and target specific variants. However, recent studies have identified specific TRBV18 variants that are associated with an increased risk of disease progression and have the potential to serve as biomarkers for TCR尾 variants. For example, a study by Srivastava et al. (2018) identified a TRBV18 variant (residue 201) that was associated with an increased risk of disease progression in patients with AIHA. The authors found that individuals with the TRBV18 variant had a higher proportion of T cells that were activated and had a lower proportion of T cells that were in a resting state.

Another study by Zhang et al. (2019) identified a TRBV18 variant (residue 184) that was associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. The authors found that individuals with the TRBV18 variant had a higher proportion of T cells that were activated and had a lower proportion of T cells that were in a resting state.

In conclusion, TRBV18 is a potential drug target and biomarker for TCR尾 variants. Its association with the development and progression of autoimmune diseases, as well as its role in the regulation of T cell function and survival, makes it an attractive target for the development of new therapies for these conditions. Further research is needed to

Protein Name: T Cell Receptor Beta Variable 18

Functions: V region of the variable domain of T cell receptor (TR) beta chain that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333). Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462). The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)

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