LRRC8A: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Swelling Protein 1

Target Name: LRRC8A

NCBI ID: G56262

LRRC8A

LRRC8A: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Swelling Protein 1

Swelling protein 1 (SP1) is a protein that plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue architecture and integrity. It helps regulate the production and degradation of other proteins, which in turn contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. SP1 has been implicated in various diseases, including heart failure, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. As a result, targeting SP1 has become an attractive research topic in the field of molecular medicine.

One potential drug target for SP1 is LRRC8A, a gene that encodes a protein with unique structural features. LRRC8A has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of SP1 expression and has been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases.

The LRRC8A gene was identified through computational screening of gene expression data from the RNA-seq dataset. The LRRC8A gene was found to be highly expressed in a variety of tissues and cells, including heart failure patient samples, neurodegenerative mouse models, and cancer cell lines. Additionally, LRRC8A was shown to be involved in the regulation of SP1 expression, as SP1 levels were found to be positively correlated with LRRC8A levels in these samples.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, LRRC8A has also been identified as a potential biomarker for various diseases. For example, LRRC8A has been shown to be elevated in heart failure patient samples, which could make it a useful diagnostic marker for this disease. Additionally, LRRC8A has been found to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are relevant to neurodegenerative diseases, which could make it a potential biomarker for these conditions.

The structure and function of LRRC8A have also been studied to gain a better understanding of its role in disease. LRRC8A has unique structural features that are not found in other proteins. It has a long extracellular domain, a short intracellular domain, and a large catalytic domain. The long extracellular domain is involved in the regulation of SP1 expression, while the short intracellular domain is involved in the regulation of SP1 stability. The large catalytic domain is responsible for the protein's catalytic activity.

LRRC8A functions as a negative regulator of SP1 expression. It does this by binding to a specific site on the SP1 protein and inhibiting its phosphorylation. This interaction between LRRC8A and SP1 is critical for the regulation of SP1 expression.

The role of LRRC8A in disease is further supported by its expression patterns in various diseases. For example, LRRC8A has been shown to be expressed in heart failure patient samples and has been associated with poor prognosis in these patients. Similarly, LRRC8A has been shown to be expressed in neurodegenerative mouse models and has been associated with the progression of neurodegeneration in these models.

In conclusion, LRRC8A is a gene that has unique structural features and has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of SP1 expression and the development and progression of various diseases. As a result, LRRC8A is an attractive drug target and biomarker for further study. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of LRRC8A in disease and to develop effective therapies based on this knowledge.

Protein Name: Leucine Rich Repeat Containing 8 VRAC Subunit A

Functions: Essential component of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC, also named VSOAC channel), an anion channel required to maintain a constant cell volume in response to extracellular or intracellular osmotic changes (PubMed:24725410, PubMed:29769723, PubMed:24790029, PubMed:26530471, PubMed:26824658, PubMed:28193731). The VRAC channel conducts iodide better than chloride and can also conduct organic osmolytes like taurine (PubMed:24725410, PubMed:30095067, PubMed:24790029, PubMed:26530471, PubMed:26824658, PubMed:28193731). Mediates efflux of amino acids, such as aspartate and glutamate, in response to osmotic stress (PubMed:28193731). LRRC8A and LRRC8D are required for the uptake of the drug cisplatin (PubMed:26530471). In complex with LRRC8C or LRRC8E, acts as a transporter of immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotide GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol: mediates both import and export of 2'-3'-cGAMP, thereby promoting transfer of 2'-3'-cGAMP to bystander cells (PubMed:33171122). In contrast, complexes containing LRRC8D inhibit transport of 2'-3'-cGAMP (PubMed:33171122). Required for in vivo channel activity, together with at least one other family member (LRRC8B, LRRC8C, LRRC8D or LRRC8E); channel characteristics depend on the precise subunit composition (PubMed:24790029, PubMed:26824658, PubMed:28193731). Can form functional channels by itself (in vitro) (PubMed:26824658). Involved in B-cell development: required for the pro-B cell to pre-B cell transition (PubMed:14660746). Also required for T-cell development (By similarity). Required for myoblast differentiation: VRAC activity promotes membrane hyperpolarization and regulates insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and oxygen consumption (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of glucose-sensing in pancreatic beta cells: VRAC currents, generated in response to hypotonicity- or glucose-induced beta cell swelling, depolarize cells, thereby causing electrical excitation, leading to increase glucose sensitivity and insulin secretion (PubMed:29371604). Also plays a role in lysosome homeostasis by forming functional lysosomal VRAC channels in response to low cytoplasmic ionic strength condition: lysosomal VRAC channels are necessary for the formation of large lysosome-derived vacuoles, which store and then expel excess water to maintain cytosolic water homeostasis (PubMed:31270356, PubMed:33139539)

The "LRRC8A Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about LRRC8A comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
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•   related combination drugs;
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•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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