BST2: A Potential Drug Target Or Biomarker for Viruses (G684)

Target Name: BST2

NCBI ID: G684

BST2

BST2: A Potential Drug Target Or Biomarker for Viruses

BST2 (antiviral factor tetherin) is a protein that is expressed in various cell types, including human immune cells and virus-infected cells. Its function is to inhibit the activity of the viral replication cycle, thereby preventing the spread of viruses throughout the body. BST2 has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker in the fight against various viruses, including HIV, hepatitis, and influenza.

BST2 is a member of the tetherin family, which includes several proteins that are involved in the regulation of viral replication. These proteins function by interacting with the viral replication complex, which includes the viral RNA polymerase, the viral DNA, and other proteins that are essential for the replication process. By binding to these proteins, BST2 can inhibit their activity, preventing the production of new viral particles that can infect new cells.

One of the key functions of BST2 is its ability to inhibit the activity of the viral replication cycle at the level of individual viral particles. BST2 has been shown to interact with the viral RNA polymerase, which is responsible for transcribing the viral RNA into new particles. By binding to the viral RNA polymerase, BST2 can prevent it from binding to the active site on the viral DNA, which is required for the production of new viral particles. This inhibition of viral replication allows BST2 to be an effective drug target or biomarker for viruses that are dependent on the production of new particles for their growth and spread.

Another function of BST2 is its ability to enhance the immune response against viruses. BST2 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of the cytokine network, which is a complex system of signaling molecules that are involved in the immune response. BST2 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the production of cytokines, which are proteins that are involved in the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection. This function of BST2 can enhance the immune response against viruses, making it an attractive potential drug target or biomarker for viruses that are dependent on the immune response for their control.

In addition to its potential as a drug target or biomarker, BST2 is also of interest as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of viruses. BST2 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of the production of viral particles, which suggests that it may be useful in the inhibition of viral replication. This potential therapeutic application makes BST2 an attractive candidate for further study as a potential drug or vaccine against viruses.

Overall, BST2 is a protein that has significant potential as a drug target or biomarker for the treatment of viruses. Its ability to inhibit the activity of the viral replication cycle at the level of individual viral particles makes it an attractive candidate for the development of antiviral drugs. Additionally, its ability to enhance the immune response against viruses makes it an attractive candidate for the development of vaccines that can promote the production of antibodies against viruses. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential of BST2 as a drug target or biomarker for viruses.

Protein Name: Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Antigen 2

Functions: IFN-induced antiviral host restriction factor which efficiently blocks the release of diverse mammalian enveloped viruses by directly tethering nascent virions to the membranes of infected cells. Acts as a direct physical tether, holding virions to the cell membrane and linking virions to each other. The tethered virions can be internalized by endocytosis and subsequently degraded or they can remain on the cell surface. In either case, their spread as cell-free virions is restricted (PubMed:22520941, PubMed:21529378, PubMed:20940320, PubMed:20419159, PubMed:20399176, PubMed:19879838, PubMed:19036818, PubMed:18342597, PubMed:18200009). Its target viruses belong to diverse families, including retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), prototype foamy virus (PFV), Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and murine leukemia virus (MLV), flavivirideae: hepatitis C virus (HCV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), arenaviridae: lassa virus (LASV) and machupo virus (MACV), herpesviridae: kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), rhabdoviridae: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), orthomyxoviridae: influenza A virus, paramyxoviridae: nipah virus, and coronaviridae: SARS-CoV (PubMed:22520941, PubMed:21621240, PubMed:21529378, PubMed:20943977, PubMed:20686043, PubMed:20419159, PubMed:20399176, PubMed:19879838, PubMed:19179289, PubMed:18342597, PubMed:18200009, PubMed:26378163, PubMed:31199522). Can inhibit cell surface proteolytic activity of MMP14 causing decreased activation of MMP15 which results in inhibition of cell growth and migration (PubMed:22065321). Can stimulate signaling by LILRA4/ILT7 and consequently provide negative feedback to the production of IFN by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in response to viral infection (PubMed:19564354, PubMed:26172439). Plays a role in the organization of the subapical actin cytoskeleton in polarized epithelial cells. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are both effective viral restriction factors but have differing antiviral and signaling activities (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 2 is resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-mediated degradation and restricts HIV-1 viral budding in the presence of Vpu (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 1 acts as an activator of NF-kappa-B and this activity is inhibited by isoform 2 (PubMed:23028328)

The "BST2 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about BST2 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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