ATP6V1G3: A Potential Drug Target forATPase-DrivenH+ Transport andLysosomal13kDaV1 Subunit G3

Target Name: ATP6V1G3

NCBI ID: G127124

ATP6V1G3

ATP6V1G3: A Potential Drug Target forATPase-DrivenH+ Transport andLysosomal13kDaV1 Subunit G3

Introduction

ATP (adenylyl triphosphate) is a crucial molecule in energy metabolism and signal transmission within cells. The synthesis and decomposition of ATP in cells is catalyzed by a variety of enzymes, of which ATPase (ATPase) is one of the most important enzymes. ATPase can catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP, convert the energy released into the energy required for cell metabolism, and produce a series of metabolic products within the cell. The transport of H+ (hydrogen ions) and the stability of the intracellular environment are also important physiological processes regulated by ATPase.

ATPase is a transmembrane protein that includes two main subunits (A and P) and an auxiliary subunit (V). Its catalytic activity depends on the binding between A and P. ATPase has multiple functions in cells, including regulating cell metabolism, maintaining cell morphology, and participating in cell signaling. In some diseases, the abnormal function of ATPase can lead to cell metabolism disorders, leading to the occurrence of various diseases. Therefore, it is of important biological significance to study the role and regulatory mechanism of ATPase in diseases.

ATPase-Driven H+ Transport

ATPase is responsible for the hydrolysis of ATP in cells to produce hydrogen ions (H+). H+ has important physiological functions in cells, such as regulating cell osmotic pressure and participating in cell signaling. The production and transport of H+ are strictly regulated by ATPase. ATPase is realized through two transmembrane proteins: H+ transporting ATPase (H+-ATPase) and H+ transporting ATPase (H+-ATPase).

H+ transporting ATPase (H+-ATPase) is an ATPase (ATPase) isoform with similar catalytic activity to ATPase. The main function of H+ transporting ATPase in cells is to generate H+ and release it outside the cell. H+ transporting ATPase and ATPase (ATPase) have high structural and functional similarities, so there is a certain interaction between them.

ATPase regulates the production and transport of H+ by interacting with H+ transporting ATPase (H+-ATPase). The functions of H+-ATPase in cells include: H+ production, H+ transport and H+ regulation. The difference between the H+ produced by H+-ATPase and the H+ concentration inside and outside the cell drives the transport of H+, thereby achieving the production and transport of H+. In addition, H+-ATPase can also regulate the acid-base balance in cells and maintain the stability of the intracellular environment by regulating the production and binding of H+.

ATPase regulates H+ transport and the stability of the intracellular environment

ATPase has multiple functions in cells to regulate H+ transport and intracellular environment stability. The activity of ATPase is affected by many factors, including H+ concentration inside and outside the cell, temperature, pH value, etc.

1. H+ concentration inside and outside the cell

The difference in H+ concentration inside and outside the cell is the main driving force for ATPase-catalyzed H+ transport. ATPase regulates the production and transport of H+ by interacting with H+ transporting ATPase (H+-ATPase). When the extracellular H+ concentration is higher than the intracellular H+ concentration, the H+ produced by H+-ATPase will be transported out of the cell, thereby maintaining the difference in H+ concentration inside and outside the cell. On the contrary, when the intracellular H+ concentration is higher than the extracellular H+ concentration, the H+ produced by H+-ATPase will be transported into the cell and can also maintain the difference in H+ concentration inside and outside the cell.

2. Temperature and pH

Temperature and pH are also factors that affect ATPase-catalyzed H+ transport and the stability of the intracellular environment. When temperature and pH increase, ATPase activity increases, promoting the production and transport of H+. On the contrary, when the temperature and pH value decrease, the activity of ATPase will decrease, inhibiting the production and transport of H+.

3. Other factors

In addition to factors such as intracellular and intracellular H+ concentration, temperature, and pH, other factors may also affect ATPase-catalyzed H+ transport and the stability of the intracellular environment.

Protein Name: ATPase H+ Transporting V1 Subunit G3

Functions: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment

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