ALOX5: A Protein with Multiple Roles in Health and Disease (G240)

Target Name: ALOX5

NCBI ID: G240

ALOX5

ALOX5: A Protein with Multiple Roles in Health and Disease

ALOX5 (OTTHUMP00000019502) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the brain, heart, and kidneys. It is a member of the superfamily of the Bierman-Dalton family of transferrin family, which includes proteins that are involved in the transport of oxygen and other nutrients across the blood-brain barrier.

Recent studies have suggested that ALOX5 may have important roles in several biological processes, including metabolism, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Its expression has also been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and chronic kidney disease.

One of the key features of ALOX5 is its ability to form a stable complex with oxygen, which is essential for the brain's energy metabolism. This complex is formed when ALOX5 combines with the protein carrier protein, which is responsible for transporting oxygen across the blood- brain barrier. This complex allows oxygen to diffuse into the brain, where it is needed for the production of energy by the brain cells.

In addition to its role in oxygen transport, ALOX5 has also been shown to play a key role in the regulation of inflammation. Many diseases, including cancer, are associated with chronic inflammation, and researchers have suggested that ALOX5 may be involved in this process.

One of the most promising aspects of ALOX5 is its potential as a drug target. Researchers have identified several potential drugs that can inhibit ALOX5's activity, which may lead to a better understanding of its role in disease. These drugs have the potential to treat a variety of conditions, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and chronic kidney disease.

In addition to its potential as a drug, ALOX5 is also a potential biomarker. Its expression has been detected in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and chronic kidney disease. This suggests that ALOX5 may be a useful diagnostic tool for these conditions.

Overall, ALOX5 is a protein that has important roles in several biological processes, including metabolism, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Its expression has also been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and chronic kidney disease. Its potential as a drug target and biomarker make it an important area of 鈥嬧?媟esearch.

Protein Name: Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

Functions: Catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HPETE) followed by the dehydration to 5,6- epoxyeicosatetraenoate (Leukotriene A4/LTA4), the first two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent mediators of inflammation (PubMed:8631361, PubMed:21233389, PubMed:22516296, PubMed:24282679, PubMed:19022417, PubMed:23246375, PubMed:8615788, PubMed:24893149, PubMed:31664810). Also catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate into 8-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (8-HPETE) and 12-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate (12-HPETE) (PubMed:23246375). Displays lipoxin synthase activity being able to convert (15S)-HETE into a conjugate tetraene (PubMed:31664810). Although arachidonate is the preferred substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize oxidized fatty acids derived from arachidonate such as (15S)-HETE, eicosapentaenoate (EPA) such as (18R)- and (18S)-HEPE or docosahexaenoate (DHA) which lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) lipoxin and resolvins E and D respectively, therefore it participates in anti-inflammatory responses (PubMed:21206090, PubMed:31664810, PubMed:8615788, PubMed:17114001, PubMed:32404334). Oxidation of DHA directly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) (By similarity). It does not catalyze the oxygenation of linoleic acid and does not convert (5S)-HETE to lipoxin isomers (PubMed:31664810). In addition to inflammatory processes, it participates in dendritic cell migration, wound healing through an antioxidant mechanism based on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) regulation expression, monocyte adhesion to the endothelium via ITGAM expression on monocytes (By similarity). Moreover, it helps establish an adaptive humoral immunity by regulating primary resting B cells and follicular helper T cells and participates in the CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after CD40 ligation in B cells through interaction with PIK3R1 that bridges ALOX5 with CD40 (PubMed:21200133). May also play a role in glucose homeostasis, regulation of insulin secretion and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance via AMPK (By similarity). Can regulate bone mineralization and fat cell differentiation increases in induced pluripotent stem cells (By similarity)

The "ALOX5 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about ALOX5 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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