HLA-E: A Promising Drug Target / Biomarker (G3133)

Target Name: HLA-E

NCBI ID: G3133

HLA-E

HLA-E: A Promising Drug Target / Biomarker

HLA-E is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene that is located on chromosome 6 and has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases. HLA-E is a key player in the immune system and is expressed in various tissues and cells of the body, including the skin, hair, nails, and gastrointestinal tract.

Diseases associated with HLA-E

HLA-E has been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases. One of the most significant findings related to HLA-E is its involvement in the development of cancer. Studies have shown that HLA-E is often expressed in various types of cancer, including skin cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.

Additionally, HLA-E has also been linked to the development of autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis. These disorders are characterized by the immune system attacking the body's own tissues, leading to inflammation and damage.

HLA-E is also involved in the development of inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions cause inflammation in the gut lining and can lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other symptoms.

Potential drug targets

Given its involvement in various diseases, HLA-E has potential as a drug target. One of the most promising strategies for targeting HLA-E is the use of antibodies that recognize and bind to the protein. These antibodies can be used to target HLA-E and prevent it from functioning its immune-promoting functions.

Another approach to targeting HLA-E is the use of drugs that inhibit the activity of HLA-E. These drugs can be used to treat diseases associated with HLA-E, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases.

Biomarkers

HLA-E has also been used as a biomarker for various diseases. For example, HLA-E has been used as a marker for cancer, as it is often expressed in the immune cells that are present in the body. This makes it a potential target for cancer treatments that target the immune system.

HLA-E has also been used as a biomarker for autoimmune disorders, as it is often expressed in the tissues and cells affected by these disorders. This makes it a potential target for treatments that target the immune system and prevent it from attacking the body's own tissues.

Conclusion

HLA-E is a gene that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases. Its involvement in the immune system and its association with the development of cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases make it a promising target for researchers and doctors. As research continues, the potential uses for HLA-E will continue to emerge, and it will be exciting to see how this gene can be used to improve human health.

Protein Name: Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, E

Functions: Non-classical major histocompatibility class Ib molecule involved in immune self-nonself discrimination. In complex with B2M/beta-2-microglobulin binds nonamer self-peptides derived from the signal sequence of classical MHC class Ia molecules (VL9 peptides) (PubMed:9754572, PubMed:18083576, PubMed:18339401). Peptide-bound HLA-E-B2M heterotrimeric complex primarily functions as a ligand for natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory receptor KLRD1-KLRC1, enabling NK cells to monitor the expression of other MHC class I molecules in healthy cells and to tolerate self (PubMed:9754572, PubMed:9486650, PubMed:17179229, PubMed:18083576). Upon cellular stress, preferentially binds signal sequence-derived peptides from stress-induced chaperones and is no longer recognized by NK cell inhibitory receptor KLRD1-KLRC1, resulting in impaired protection from NK cells (PubMed:12461076). Binds signal sequence-derived peptides from non-classical MHC class Ib HLA-G molecules and acts as a ligand for NK cell activating receptor KLRD1-KLRC2, likely playing a role in the generation and effector functions of adaptive NK cells and in maternal-fetal tolerance during pregnancy (PubMed:9754572, PubMed:30134159). Besides self-peptides, can also bind and present pathogen-derived peptides conformationally similar to VL9 peptides to alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on unconventional CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, ultimately triggering antimicrobial immune response (PubMed:16474394, PubMed:30087334)

The "HLA-E Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about HLA-E comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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