STING1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G340061)

Target Name: STING1

NCBI ID: G340061

STING1

STING1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Stimulus-triggered introns are a type of gene expression that play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular processes and are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including cell signaling, inflammation, and stress responses. STING1, a non-coding RNA molecule, has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders.

Structure and Function

STING1 is a small non-coding RNA molecule that consists of approximately 200 amino acid residues. It is expressed in various tissues and cells and is involved in the regulation of gene expression and cellular processes. STING1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway, which is involved in cell signaling, cell adhesion, and survival.

In addition to its role in cellular signaling, STING1 has also been shown to have a number of potential biomarker properties. For example, STING1 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of gene expression in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. It has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are relevant to disease, such as cell migration and the regulation of inflammation.

Potential Therapeutic Applications

The potential therapeutic applications for STING1 are vast and varied. As a drug target, STING1 has the potential to be developed into a therapy for a wide range of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. For example, STING1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the TGF-β pathway, which is involved in the development and progression of cancer. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of STING1 may have potential therapeutic applications for cancer treatment.

In addition to its potential as a cancer therapeutic, STING1 has also the potential to be used as a biomarker for various diseases. For example, STING1 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of gene expression in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Therefore, measuring the level of STING1 expression in neurodegenerative diseases may have the potential to diagnose and monitor the progression of these diseases.

STING1 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes that are relevant to a wide range of diseases, including autoimmune disorders. For example, STING1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the immune response, which is involved in the development and regulation of autoimmune disorders. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of STING1 in autoimmune disorders may have potential therapeutic applications for these diseases.

Conclusion

In conclusion, STING1 is a non-coding RNA molecule that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker in a wide range of diseases. Its role in the regulation of cellular processes and its potential as a therapeutic and biomarker applications make it an attractive target for further research and development. Further studies are needed to fully understand the function and potential therapeutic applications of STING1 in various diseases.

Protein Name: Stimulator Of Interferon Response CGAMP Interactor 1

Functions: Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) (PubMed:18724357, PubMed:18818105, PubMed:19433799, PubMed:19776740, PubMed:23027953, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:29973723, PubMed:30842659, PubMed:35045565, PubMed:27801882). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm (PubMed:26300263). Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol (PubMed:21947006, PubMed:23258412, PubMed:23707065, PubMed:23722158, PubMed:26229117, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:30842659). Upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state (PubMed:22394562, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:29973723, PubMed:30842653, PubMed:35045565). In addition to promote the production of type I interferons, plays a direct role in autophagy (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Following cGAMP-binding, STING1 buds from the endoplasmic reticulum into COPII vesicles, which then form the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) (PubMed:30842662). The ERGIC serves as the membrane source for WIPI2 recruitment and LC3 lipidation, leading to formation of autophagosomes that target cytosolic DNA or DNA viruses for degradation by the lysosome (PubMed:30842662). The autophagy- and interferon-inducing activities can be uncoupled and autophagy induction is independent of TBK1 phosphorylation (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Autophagy is also triggered upon infection by bacteria: following c-di-GMP-binding, which is produced by live Gram-positive bacteria, promotes reticulophagy (By similarity). Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition: can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP (2'-3'-cGAMP) and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP (PubMed:26300263, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010). The preference for 2'-3'-cGAMP, compared to other linkage isomers is probably due to the ligand itself, whichs adopts an organized free-ligand conformation that resembles the STING1-bound conformation and pays low energy costs in changing into the active conformation (PubMed:26150511). May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons (PubMed:18724357). May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) (By similarity)

The "STING1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about STING1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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