IFI35: A Protein Involved in The Immune Response and Inflammation

Target Name: IFI35

NCBI ID: G3430

IFI35

Other Name(s): interferon induced protein 35 | Interferon-induced 35 kDa protein (isoform 1) | Ifi-35 | Interferon-induced 35 kDa protein | Interferon induced protein 35, transcript variant 1 | IFP35 | ifi-35 | IFP 35 | FLJ21753 | IN35_HUMAN | IFI35 variant 1

IFI35: A Protein Involved in The Immune Response and Inflammation

IFI35, also known as interferon-induced protein 35, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune response and inflammation. It is a member of the interferon-induced protein 3 family, which includes proteins that are induced by interferon, a protein produced by the immune system in response to foreign invasion.

IFI35 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, including blood cells, muscle, liver, and pancreas. It is characterized by a N-terminus that contains a leucine residue, a tryptophan residue, and a glutamic acid residue , as well as a C-terminus that contains a lysine residue and a glycine residue.

IFI35 functions as a negative regulator of the interferon signaling pathway

The interferon signaling pathway is a critical immune response mechanism that involves the production of interferon, which is then used to recruit immune cells to the site of an infection or injury. Once interferon is produced, it can stimulate the production of other proteins that are involved in the immune response, including enzymes that can recognize and destroy foreign invaders.

However, if interferon is produced at too high levels or for too long, it can cause damage to the body's tissues and organs. This is because interferon can cause a variety of cellular and molecular changes, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of pathways that can lead to inflammation and tissue damage.

IFI35 plays a crucial role in regulating the interferon signaling pathway by inhibiting its activity. This is done by the presence of a specific recombinant protein that is derived from the IFI35 gene. This protein is composed of two distinct domains: an N-terminal domain that contains a leucine residue and a tryptophan residue, and a C-terminal domain that contains a lysine residue and a glycine residue.

The N-terminal domain of the IFI35 protein is responsible for interacting with the alpha chain of the interferon receptor, while the C-terminal domain is responsible for interacting with the beta chain of the interferon receptor. This interaction between the IFI35 protein and the interferon Receptor is critical for the inhibition of interferon signaling.

IFI35 has been shown to play a role in a variety of diseases and conditions

IFI35 has been shown to be involved in a number of diseases and conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases.

For example, studies have shown that high levels of IFI35 are associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly breast and ovarian cancers. This is because IFI35 has been shown to promote the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells, as well as the growth of cancer cells.

IFI35 is also involved in a number of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis. These diseases are characterized by the production of antibodies that target the self-antigens of the body, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

IFI35 has also been shown to be involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These conditions are characterized by the progressive loss of brain cells and the development of neurofibrillary tangles, leading to the symptoms associated with the disease.

IFI35 as a drug target

The inhibition of IFI35 by the recombinant protein derived from the IFI35 gene has the potential to be a useful drug target for a variety of diseases.

For example, the recombinant protein derived from the IFI35 gene has been shown to be effective in treating

Protein Name: Interferon Induced Protein 35

Functions: Acts as a signaling pathway regulator involved in innate immune system response (PubMed:26342464, PubMed:29038465, PubMed:29350881). In response to interferon IFN-alpha, associates in a complex with signaling pathway regulator NMI to regulate immune response; the complex formation prevents proteasome-mediated degradation of IFI35 and correlates with IFI35 dephosphorylation (PubMed:10779520, PubMed:10950963). In complex with NMI, inhibits virus-triggered type I interferon/IFN-beta production (PubMed:26342464). In complex with NMI, negatively regulates nuclear factor NF-kappa-B signaling by inhibiting the nuclear translocation, activation and transcription of the NF-kappa-B subunit p65/RELA, resulting in the inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and re-endothelialization of injured arteries (PubMed:29350881). Beside its role as an intracellular signaling pathway regulator, also functions extracellularly as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote inflammation when actively released by macrophage to the extracellular space during cell injury and pathogen invasion (PubMed:29038465). Macrophage-secreted IFI35 activates NF-kappa-B signaling in adjacent macrophages through Toll-like receptor 4/TLR4 activation, thereby inducing NF-kappa-B translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus which promotes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:29038465)

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