Unlocking the Potential of ACP1: A Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Drug Target and Biomarker

Target Name: ACP1

NCBI ID: G52

ACP1

Unlocking the Potential of ACP1: A Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Drug Target and Biomarker

Introduction

Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) enzymes are involved in various cellular processes, including signal transduction, cell proliferation, apoptosis and other life activities. During the occurrence and development of tumors, the abnormal activation state of PTP enzyme is considered to be an important reason for the occurrence of various cancers. At the same time, ACP1 is a PTP enzyme that has attracted great attention. Its expression levels in various cancers vary greatly, and its expression levels in tumor tissues are related to tumor invasion and metastasis. Therefore, studying the role of ACP1 in cancer treatment has important clinical significance. This article will discuss the biological functions of ACP1, its research value as a drug target, and its application prospects as a tumor biomarker, in order to provide certain theoretical support for related research.

1. Biological functions of ACP1

ACP1 is a medium-sized protein with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. The protein is composed of 21 amino acids, and its N-terminus contains an acetylated lysine residue. ACP1 has multiple biological functions in cells, including:

1. Participate in signal transduction

ACP1 is a ligand of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). By binding to GPCR signaling molecules, it can activate downstream phosphatidylinositol (PIP)-dependent kinase (PIK) and inositol triphosphate (IP3) signals. path. These signaling pathways play an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and other processes, and are key regulatory mechanisms for tumor occurrence and development.

2. Participate in cell proliferation

In the GPCR signaling pathway, ACP1 binds to endogenous IP3 in cells, causing potential changes on both sides of the membrane, thereby activating signaling molecules such as myo-inositol kinase (MK) and adenylyl cyclase (ACL) in the cell. These signaling molecules further regulate intracellular proliferation processes, including cell cycle progression, DNA replication, cell proliferation, etc. Studies have shown that the expression level of ACP1 in various tumors is positively correlated with the proliferation ability of tumor cells, providing support for the proliferation of tumor cells.

3. Participate in cell apoptosis

ACP1 plays an important role in the apoptosis process. In tumor cells, the expression level of ACP1 is closely related to the process of apoptosis. Studies have shown that the expression level of ACP1 increases significantly with the increase in tumor cell proliferation index, which may be related to the instability of tumor cell apoptosis-related signaling pathways. In addition, ACP1 can also regulate the expression of intracellular apoptosis signaling molecules, such as Bcl-2, PD-1, etc., thereby affecting the apoptosis resistance of tumor cells.

4. Participate in cell migration

ACP1 plays an important role in the migration process of tumor cells. Studies have shown that the expression level of ACP1 is positively correlated with the invasion and metastasis ability of tumor cells. In the microenvironment of tumor tissue, ACP1 can interact with tumor cell invasion and metastasis-related proteins, thereby participating in the migration process of tumor cells. These findings provide important biological basis for studying the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.

2. The research value of ACP1 as a drug target

1. Inhibit ACP1 activity

With the in-depth study of the biological functions of ACP1, people have begun to pay attention to the application of ACP1 in drug screening. At present, drug research targeting ACP1 mainly focuses on inhibiting ACP1 activity.

(1) Screening of small molecule compounds

Drug screening targeting ACP1 mainly involves the use of small molecule compounds to inhibit ACP1. Due to the small molecular weight of ACP1, the screening process is relatively simple. At present, some small molecule compounds that inhibit ACP1 activity have entered clinical research, such as the ACP1-specific inhibitor ACP-1E and the anti-tumor drug abetinib. These drugs inhibit the activity of ACP1 through different mechanisms of action, such as competing with the active site of ACP1 and binding to the phosphorylate of ACP1, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and promoting tumor cell apoptosis.

(2) Macromolecule drug development

With the in-depth study of the biological functions of ACP1, more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to the application of ACP1 as a drug target in the field of macromolecule drugs. At present, drug research targeting ACP1 is mainly concentrated in the field of anti-tumor drugs.

(1) Research on anti-tumor drugs

Research on anti-tumor drugs targeting ACP1 mainly includes inhibiting ACP1 activity, blocking the interaction between ACP1 and tumor cells, and regulating the ACP1 signaling pathway. At present, some anti-tumor drugs such as gemcitabine and osimertinib are already in clinical research

Protein Name: Acid Phosphatase 1

Functions: Acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-MW aryl phosphates and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates with differences in substrate specificity between isoform 1 and isoform 2

The "ACP1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about ACP1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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