ORAI1: A Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel Protein as a Drug Target and Biomarker

Target Name: ORAI1

NCBI ID: G84876

ORAI1

ORAI1: A Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel Protein as a Drug Target and Biomarker

Introduction

Calcium release-activated calcium channels (CACs) play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including muscle contractions, nerve impulse transmission, and intracellular signaling. ORAI1 (Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1), is one of the most well-known CACs that has been extensively studied in the context of neurotransmission. This article will discuss ORAI1, its function, potential drug targeting, and implications as a biomarker for various diseases.

Function and Localization

ORAI1 is a 22-kDa protein that is expressed in most tissues and cells, including brain, heart, muscle, and sensory neurons. It is a member of the family of calcium release-activated chloride channels (CACs), which are characterized by the presence of a regulatory protein called the N-terminal translocation domain (NTD) and a calcium-activating subdomain (CASD). The NTD is involved in the regulation of channel opening and is critical for channel activation, while the CASD is responsible for the calcium ion influx and subsequent channel opening.

ORAI1 is primarily localized to the cytoplasm of cells, where it is involved in intracellular signaling. It has been shown to regulate the activity of several intracellular signaling pathways, including the neurotransmitter-triggered action potential (Na+/Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter signaling transduction pathway), the protein kinase C (PKA), and the mitochondrial potential (MtP). ORAI1 has also been implicated in the regulation of muscle contractions, where it has been shown to play a role in the regulation of muscle relaxation and force production.

Potential Drug Target

ORAI1 is a potential drug target due to its involvement in multiple physiological processes. Its function in intracellular signaling and its location in the cytoplasm make it an attractive target for small molecules that can modulate its activity. Several studies have demonstrated that inhibitors of ORAI1 can block the activity of several intracellular signaling pathways, including the neurotransmitter-triggered action potential (Na+/Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter signaling pathway), the protein kinase C (PKA), and the mitochondrial potential (MtP).

In addition to its potential as a drug target, ORAI1 is also a potential biomarker for several diseases. The regulation of ORAI1 activity has been implicated in the development and progression of several neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. ORAI1 has also been shown to be abnormally expressed in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, which may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for these conditions.

ORAI1 as a Biomarker

ORAI1 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of several physiological processes, including intracellular signaling, muscle contractions, and neurotransmission. Its abnormal regulation has been implicated in the development and progression of several neurological and psychiatric disorders. As a result, ORAI1 has potential as a biomarker for several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy.

ORAI1 has been shown to be abnormally expressed in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles and the loss of nerve cells. Several studies have shown that ORAI1 is abnormally expressed in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and that inhibitors of ORAI1 may be effective in treating this condition.

ORAI1 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of muscle contractions. Muscle

Protein Name: ORAI Calcium Release-activated Calcium Modulator 1

Functions: Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit which mediates Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores and channel activation by the Ca(2+) sensor, STIM1 (PubMed:16582901, PubMed:16645049, PubMed:16733527, PubMed:16766533, PubMed:16807233, PubMed:19249086, PubMed:23307288, PubMed:24351972, PubMed:24591628, PubMed:28219928, PubMed:20354224, PubMed:26956484). CRAC channels are the main pathway for Ca(2+) influx in T-cells and promote the immune response to pathogens by activating the transcription factor NFAT (PubMed:16582901). Plays a prominent role in Ca(2+) influx at the basolateral membrane of mammary epithelial cells independently of the Ca(2+) content of endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi stores. May mediate transepithelial transport of large quantities of Ca(2+) for milk secretion

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•   the target screening and validation;
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The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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