PTGR1: Key Regulator of Pro-Inflammation Mediators (G22949)

Target Name: PTGR1

NCBI ID: G22949

PTGR1

PTGR1: Key Regulator of Pro-Inflammation Mediators

Prostaglandin (PG) is a family of potent physiological regulators that play a crucial role in various physiological processes in the body. One of the most well-known prostaglandins is 13-reductase (13-R), which converts the metabolite pro-prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to 13-hydroxyprostaglandin H2 (13-OH-PGH2), a potent pro-inflammatory mediator. While PGH2 is a potent mediator of inflammation and pain, its role in the regulation of inflammation and pain is still not well understood.

The protein encoded by the gene PTGR1 (15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase) is a key regulator of PGH2 metabolism. It is a 15-kDa transmembrane protein that is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, and kidney. PTGR1 is responsible for the efficient conversion of PGH2 to 13-OH-PGH2, which is then metabolized by other enzymes to produce various bioactive compounds, including pro-inflammatory mediators.

Function and Interaction

PTGR1 is a critical regulator of PGH2 metabolism, as its activity is required for the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. PGH2 is a potent pro-inflammatory mediator that is involved in the regulation of inflammation and pain. It is produced by the 13-lipoxygenase (13-LO) enzyme, which converts arachidonic acid to PGH2. PGH2 is then further converted to 13-OH-PGH2 by PTGR1.

In addition to its role in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, PTGR1 is also involved in the regulation of inflammation and pain. It has been shown to be involved in the regulation of pain perception and the modulation of pain sensitivity. For example, studies have shown that mice that are genetically modified to lack PTGR1 have increased pain sensitivity, suggesting that this protein plays an important role in the regulation of pain.

Drug Target and Biomarker

The lack of effective therapies for the treatment of inflammatory pain and diseases associated with chronic inflammation has made them difficult to treat. The development of new drugs and biomarkers for the treatment of these conditions is a major focus of research in the field of pharmacology. PTGR1 is an attractive drug target due to its involvement in the regulation of PGH2 metabolism and its role in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Research has shown that inhibitors of PTGR1 can effectively reduce pain and inflammation in animal models of inflammatory pain. These inhibitors work by inhibiting the activity of PTGR1, which would result in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. As a result, inhibitors of PTGR1 have the potential to be effective treatments for inflammatory pain and diseases associated with chronic inflammation.

Conclusion

PTGR1 is a key regulator of the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, and its activity is required for the regulation of inflammation and pain. The development of new drugs and biomarkers for the treatment of inflammatory pain and diseases associated with chronic inflammation is a major focus of research in the field of pharmacology. As the role of PTGR1 in the regulation of PGH2 metabolism continues to be better understood, the potential for these drugs and biomarkers will continue to grow.

Protein Name: Prostaglandin Reductase 1

Functions: NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductase involved in metabolic inactivation of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids: prostaglandins (PG), leukotrienes (LT) and lipoxins (LX) (PubMed:25619643). Catalyzes with high efficiency the reduction of the 13,14 double bond of 15-oxoPGs, including 15-oxo-PGE1, 15-oxo-PGE2, 15-oxo-PGF1-alpha and 15-oxo-PGF2-alpha (PubMed:25619643). Catalyzes with lower efficiency the oxidation of the hydroxyl group at C12 of LTB4 and its derivatives, converting them into biologically less active 12-oxo-LTB4 metabolites (PubMed:25619643) (By similarity). Reduces 15-oxo-LXA4 to 13,14 dihydro-15-oxo-LXA4, enhancing neutrophil recruitment at the inflammatory site (By similarity). May play a role in metabolic detoxification of alkenals and ketones. Reduces alpha,beta-unsaturated alkenals and ketones, particularly those with medium-chain length, showing highest affinity toward (2E)-decenal and (3E)-3-nonen-2-one (PubMed:25619643). May inactivate 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a cytotoxic lipid constituent of oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles (By similarity)

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