PTH2R: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Calcium Homeostasis in Pancreatic Cancer

Target Name: PTH2R

NCBI ID: G5746

PTH2R

PTH2R: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Calcium Homeostasis in Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract:

Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a poor prognosis due to the aggressive and diverse nature of the disease. The pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer is complex and involves multiple mechanisms, including disrupted calcium homeostasis. The protein PTH2R (PTH2R_HUMAN) has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for pancreatic cancer. This article discusses the current understanding of PTH2R function, its potential as a drug target, and its potential as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer.

Introduction:

Pancreatic cancer is a heterogeneous disease that arises from the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), which is the most common type of pancreatic cancer. The pancreatic cancer cells can invade various tissues and organs, leading to a poor prognosis. The development and progression of pancreatic cancer is influenced by various factors, including genetic, epigenetic, and signaling pathways. One of the key factors in pancreatic cancer development is the disruption of calcium homeostasis, which is a critical regulatory process that maintain the structural and functional integrity of the pancreatic cancer cells.

The Protein PTH2R:

PTH2R is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues and organs, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), skeletal muscles, and heart. PTH2R is a member of the TGF-β family of proteins, which are involved in cell growth, differentiation, and survival. PTH2R functions as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling, which means that it inhibits the activity of TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby preventing the uncontrolled cell growth and progression in pancreatic cancer cells.

PTH2R is involved in maintaining the normal calcium homeostasis in pancreatic cancer cells. Ca2+ is an essential signaling molecule that plays a critical role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and intracellular signaling. The disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis has been observed in various types of cancer, including pancreatic cancer.

PTH2R regulates the activity of the extracellular calcium (Ca2+) ion channels, which are responsible for maintaining the cytoskeleton stability and cell volume. The activity of these channels is regulated by various intracellular signaling pathways, including TGF-β signaling pathway. In pancreatic cancer, the disruption of TGF-β signaling pathway due to the expression of PTH2R can lead to the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of fibroblast growth factors, which can promote the growth and progression of pancreatic cancer cells.

PTH2R as a Potential Drug Target:

PTH2R has been identified as a potential drug target for pancreatic cancer due to its involvement in the TGF-β signaling pathway and its role in maintaining the normal Ca2+ homeostasis in pancreatic cancer cells. Various studies have shown that inhibiting the activity of PTH2R can lead to the inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion.

One of the potential strategies for targeting PTH2R is the use of small molecules, such as inhibitors of the TGF-β signaling pathway. These small molecules can be applied directly to the culture of pancreatic cancer cells or

Protein Name: Parathyroid Hormone 2 Receptor

Functions: This is a specific receptor for parathyroid hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. PTH2R may be responsible for PTH effects in a number of physiological systems. It may play a significant role in pancreatic function. PTH2R presence in neurons indicates that it may function as a neurotransmitter receptor (By similarity)

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