Discovering APRT: The First Genes To Be Fully Sequenced (G353)

Target Name: APRT

NCBI ID: G353

APRT

Discovering APRT: The First Genes To Be Fully Sequenced

Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. It is a key enzyme in the DNA replication process and is also involved in the regulation of gene expression. Discovered in 1958, APRT is one of the first genes to be fully sequenced. Since then, numerous studies have deeply mapped the function and regulation of this enzyme.

APRT is a protein that consists of 161 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 19.9 kDa. It is a single-stranded enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of adenine phosphate groups from Adenine toribosyl residues on specific target proteins. This transfer of adenine phosphate groups is a critical step in the metabolism of nucleotides and is essential for DNA replication, transcription, and translation.

The function of APRT is to regulate the activity of several DNA-coding genes by modifying their ribosyl content. It does this by transferring adenine phosphate groups to specific ribosyl residues on the target proteins. These modifications have a significant impact on the activity and stability of the target proteins and are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, and translation.

One of the well-studied functions of APRT is its role in DNA replication. APRT is highly conserved and has been shown to be involved in the regulation of DNA replication both in eukaryotic cells and in bacteria. It has been shown to play a critical role in the proper formation of double-stranded DNA during the replication process. In addition, APRT has been shown to interact with DNA-binding proteins, such as histone modifiers, to promote the proper functioning of the replication complex.

Another function of APRT is its role in gene expression regulation. It has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression by modifying the levels of specific ribosyl residues on target proteins. This modification has a significant impact on the stability and activity of the target proteins and is involved in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, and translation.

In addition to its role in DNA replication and gene expression regulation, APRT is also involved in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration, and the cytoskeleton. It has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of cell adhesion by modifying the levels of specific ribosyl residues on adhesion molecules. It is also involved in the regulation of cell migration and the cytoskeleton by modifying the levels of specific ribosyl residues on cytoskeletal proteins.

Despite the widespread involvement of APRT in cellular processes, its function and remain poorly understood. There are several potential drug targets that have been identified that are involved in the regulation of APRT. One of the most promising targets is the protein p16INK4a, which is a known DNA-binding protein that has been shown to interact with APRT. The results of several studies have suggested that p16INK4a may be a negative regulator of APRT and that inhibition of its activity may be a potential drug target for the treatment of various diseases.

Another potential drug target for APRT is the protein Lrp, which is a key regulator of DNA replication in bacteria. Several studies have shown that Lrp interacts with APRT and that inhibition of its activity may be a potential drug target for the treatment of various bacterial infections.

In conclusion, APRT is a highly conserved enzyme that is involved in the regulation of a wide range of cellular processes. Its function and regulation are still poorly understood, and several potential drug targets have been identified that may be involved in its regulation. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of APRT in cellular processes and to develop effective drug targets

Protein Name: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase

Functions: Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis

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