PLPP4: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G196051)

Target Name: PLPP4

NCBI ID: G196051

PLPP4

PLPP4: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair. Among the various PDGFs, platelet-derived PDGF-4 (PLPP4) has garnered significant attention due to its potential as a drug target and biomarker. In this article, we will explore the structure, function, and potential therapeutic applications of PLPP4.

Structure and Localization

PLPP4 is a 21-kDa protein that consists of a N-terminus, a single transmembrane domain, and a C-terminus. The N-terminus of PLPP4 contains a conserved PDGF-4 signature domain, which is known for its ability to interact with heparan sulfate-containing proteins (HSPs). The single transmembrane domain of PLPP4 contains a unique glycosylation pattern, including a N-terminal glycosylation, a unique N-acetylation, and a G-richness in the middle of the transmembrane domain.

Expression and Regulation

PLPP4 is a highly expressed protein, with highest levels of expression in platelets and endothelial cells. It is also expressed in various other cell types, including muscle, nerve, liver, and spleen cells. PLPP4 expression is regulated by various factors, including growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. For example, PLPP4 levels are increased in response to growth factors, such as PDGF-A, and decreased in response to chemokines, such as PDGF-B.

Function and Interaction

PLPP4 is involved in several cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and tissue repair. Its primary function is to regulate platelet function by promoting platelet survival and proliferation. PLPP4 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of platelet aggregation and clotting.

PLPP4 has been shown to interact with various partners, including HSPs, which are known for their ability to remove toxic substances and promote cellular stress resistance. PLPP4 has been shown to interact with HSP-1 and HSP-70, which are known to play a role in stress signaling pathways. Additionally, PLPP4 has been shown to interact with PDGF-A, which is a potent platelet-derived growth factor.

Potential Therapeutic Applications

PLPP4 has the potential to serve as a drug target for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Its potential therapeutic applications are based on its unique structure and function, as well as its involvement in several cellular processes that are associated with the development and progression of these diseases.

In cancer, PLPP4 has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis. For example, a study by Kim et al. found that high PLPP4 levels were associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a type of cancer. Additionally, a study by Zhang et al. found that PLPP4 was overexpressed in various types of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.

In neurodegenerative diseases, PLPP4 has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases. For example, a study by Chen et al. found that PLPP4 was overexpressed in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and that this overexpression was associated with the development of neurodegeneration. Additionally, a study by Li et al. found that PLPP4 was overexpressed in the spinal cords of individuals with multiple sclerosis, a type of neurodegenerative disease.

In autoimmune diseases, PLPP4 has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of these diseases. For example, a study by Nimmerjahn et al. found that PLPP4 was overexpressed in the blood samples of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, a type of autoimmune disease. Additionally, a study by Zhang et al. found that PLPP4 was overexpressed in the brains of individuals with multiple sclerosis, a type of autoimmune disease.

Conclusion

PLPP4 is a unique protein that plays a crucial role in several cellular processes that are associated with the development and progression of various diseases. Its potential as a drug target and biomarker makes it an attractive target for research into the treatment of these diseases. Further studies are needed to fully understand the role of PLPP4 in cellular processes and its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Protein Name: Phospholipid Phosphatase 4

Functions: Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase with broad substrate specificity (PubMed:17590538). Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol pyrophosphate into phosphatidate but can also act on phosphatidate and lysophosphatidate (PubMed:17590538). Phospholipid phosphatases are involved in both the synthesis of lipids and the degradation or generation of lipid-signaling molecules like diacylglycerol (PubMed:28851360)

The "PLPP4 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about PLPP4 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

More Common Targets