DCAF1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase VPRBP

Target Name: DCAF1

NCBI ID: G9730

DCAF1

DCAF1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase VPRBP

Serine/threonine-protein kinase (SPPK) VPRBP is a protein that plays a crucial role in cell signaling pathways, including cell division, apoptosis, and inflammation. The DCAF1 gene, which encodes the VPRBP protein, has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders.

DCAF1 Expression and Functions

DCAF1 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various tissues, including brain, heart, liver, and muscle. It is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope, where it can interact with various protein partners, including other SPPKs, signal transduction kinases, and transcription factors.

DCAF1 functions as a kinase by catalyzing the recruitment of regulatory interactions, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, to its catalytic active site. This process enables DCAF1 to regulate the activity of its protein partners, ultimately affecting various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.

DCAF1 as a Drug Target

DCAF1 has been identified as a potential drug target due to its involvement in various cellular processes that are crucial for human health and disease. Several studies have suggested that inhibition of DCAF1 could be a promising strategy for treating various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders.

1. Cancer

DCAF1 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis in various cancer types. For instance, DCAF1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the growth and survival of human cancer cells.

Studies have shown that DCAF1 inhibition can lead to the growth inhibition and apoptosis of cancer cells. This is associated with the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which is known to promote the growth and survival of cancer cells.

1. Neurodegenerative Diseases

DCAF1 has also been implicated in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These conditions are characterized by the progressive loss of brain cells, which is associated with the accumulation of damaged proteins and the disruption of normal cellular processes.

Research has shown that DCAF1 is involved in the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases by modulating the activity of various signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway. This pathway is involved in the development of neurodegeneration, and DCAF1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of TGF-β signaling.

1. Psychiatric Disorders

DCAF1 has also been implicated in the development and progression of psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety. These conditions are characterized by the disruption of normal cellular processes, including the regulation of neurotransmitter signaling.

Research has shown that DCAF1 is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter signaling pathways, including the regulation of dopamine release. This suggests that DCAF1 may play a role in the development and progression of psychiatric disorders.

Conclusion

In conclusion, DCAF1 is a protein that has been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Its functions as a kinase have been shown to be involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.

The inhibition of DCAF1 has been shown to be a promising strategy for treating various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of DCAF1 in these diseases and to develop safe and effective therapies that target this protein.

Protein Name: DDB1 And CUL4 Associated Factor 1

Functions: Acts both as a substrate recognition component of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes and as an atypical serine/threonine-protein kinase, playing key roles in various processes such as cell cycle, telomerase regulation and histone modification. Probable substrate-specific adapter of a DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, named CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex, which mediates ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of proteins such as NF2. Involved in the turnover of methylated proteins: recognizes and binds methylated proteins via its chromo domain, leading to ubiquitination of target proteins by the RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex (PubMed:23063525). The CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex is also involved in B-cell development: DCAF1 is recruited by RAG1 to ubiquitinate proteins, leading to limit error-prone repair during V(D)J recombination. Also part of the EDVP complex, an E3 ligase complex that mediates ubiquitination of proteins such as TERT, leading to TERT degradation and telomerase inhibition (PubMed:23362280). Also acts as an atypical serine/threonine-protein kinase that specifically mediates phosphorylation of 'Thr-120' of histone H2A (H2AT120ph) in a nucleosomal context, thereby repressing transcription. H2AT120ph is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes, down-regulates their transcription and is present at high level in a number of tumors (PubMed:24140421). Involved in JNK-mediated apoptosis during cell competition process via its interaction with LLGL1 and LLGL2 (PubMed:20644714). By acting on TET dioxygenses, essential for oocyte maintenance at the primordial follicle stage, hence essential for female fertility (By similarity)

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•   general information;
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•   protein biological mechanisms;
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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
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