CYP3A4: Key Enzyme in The Liver and A Potential Drug Target (G1576)

Target Name: CYP3A4

NCBI ID: G1576

CYP3A4

CYP3A4: Key Enzyme in The Liver and A Potential Drug Target

CYP3A4 (Glucocorticoid-Inducible P450) is a gene that encodes for a protein known as CYP3A4. This protein is an enzyme that is responsible for metabolizing a wide variety of drugs, including many steroids and other hormones. CYP3A4 is a key enzyme in the liver and is involved in the production of many different metabolites.

One of the unique features of CYP3A4 is its ability to be regulated by drugs. This means that drugs can be used to induce or inhibit the activity of CYP3A4, which can be useful for targeting the expression of the gene in the body. One of the most well-known drug targets for CYP3A4 is the use of glucocorticoids, which are a class of drugs that are used to treat a variety of conditions.

Glucocorticoids are drugs that are derived from natural hormones produced by the adrenal glands. They are often used to treat autoimmune disorders, respiratory diseases, and other conditions. Despite their benefits, glucocorticoids have a number of potential side effects, including an increased risk of infections, malignancies, and other serious complications.

One of the reasons that glucocorticoids can be so effective at treating certain conditions is because they are able to suppress the production of hormones by the adrenal glands. However, this can also have negative effects on the body's natural immune system. As a result, glucocorticoids can be associated with a number of side effects, including an increased risk of infections, malignancies, and other serious complications.

One potential way to target the expression of the CYP3A4 gene is through the use of drugs that can induce the activity of CYP3A4. These drugs would be used to treat conditions where the body's natural production of hormones is not sufficient or is producing too much. For example, drugs that are used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be used to increase the production of certain hormones in the body, such as dopamine and norepinephrine.

Another potential way to target the CYP3A4 gene is through the use of drugs that can inhibit the activity of CYP3A4. These drugs would be used to treat conditions where the body's production of hormones is too much, such as in cases of hyperthyroidism or cancer. For example, drugs that are used to treat breast cancer may be used to inhibit the production of hormones in the body.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, CYP3A4 is also an important enzyme in the liver. It is responsible for metabolizing a wide variety of drugs, including many steroids and other hormones. This means that any drugs that are used to treat a variety of conditions may be metabolized by CYP3A4, which can potentially cause interactions with other drugs. As a result, it is important to carefully monitor the effects of any medications that are used to treat a variety of conditions when taking other medications.

Overall, CYP3A4 is a gene that is involved in the production of many different metabolites in the body. Its unique ability to be regulated by drugs makes it an attractive target for researchers, and its role as an enzyme in the liver makes it an important molecule to study in the context of drug metabolism. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of CYP3A4 in the body and its potential as a drug target.

Protein Name: Cytochrome P450 Family 3 Subfamily A Member 4

Functions: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:2732228, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:21490593). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:2732228, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:2732228, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)

The "CYP3A4 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about CYP3A4 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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