Unique Sulfotransferase 1A3: Catalyzing Sulfation and Detoxification

Target Name: SULT1A3

NCBI ID: G6818

SULT1A3

Unique Sulfotransferase 1A3: Catalyzing Sulfation and Detoxification

Sulfotransferase 1A3 (SULT1A3) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the liver, pancreas, and heart. It is a member of the Sulfotransferase family, which includes proteins that transport sulfur groups from donors to acceptors. SULT1A3 is unique among its family members because of its unique catalytic mechanism and its role in the detoxification of environmental toxins.

SULT1A3 is a single-chain protein that contains 214 amino acid residues. It has a calculated molecular mass of 31.4 kDa and a pI of 6.8. SULT1A3 is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the liver, pancreas, and heart, and it is also found in the bloodstream. It is highly conserved, with only one amino acid residue being found to be highly variable.

One of the unique features of SULT1A3 is its catalytic mechanism. SULT1A3 is a type of transmembrane protein that has a cytoplasmic side and a nuclear side. It has a single transmembrane region that is formed by the fusion of the cytoplasmic and nuclear parts of the protein . The cytoplasmic part of SULT1A3 contains the active site, which is the region where the protein binds to its substrates.

The active site of SULT1A3 is unique in that it has a specific binding site for the substrate S-adenosylcysteine 鈥嬧??(S-adenosylcysteine). S-adenosylcysteine 鈥嬧?媔s a sulfur-containing Amino acid, its sulfur atom can be bound by the active center of SULT1A3. This combination results in SULT1A3's very efficient sulfation of S-adenosylcysteine, and it is one of the unique functions of SULT1A3.

Another unique feature of SULT1A3 is its role in the detoxification of environmental toxins. Many environmental toxins, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are toxic to human health because they can accumulate in the body and cause cancer. SULT1A3 is involved in the detoxification of PCBs because it can convert these toxins into less toxic forms. This conversion occurs through a process called sulfation, in which SULT1A3 adds a sulfate group to the toxins.

SULT1A3 has also been shown to play a role in the detoxification of other environmental toxins, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic amines (HCAs). These toxins are also toxic to human health and can cause cancer, and SULT1A3 is involved in their detoxification by converting them into less toxic forms.

In addition to its role in the detoxification of environmental toxins, SULT1A3 is also involved in the regulation of cellular processes. For example, it is involved in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, a toxic byproduct of cellular metabolism. SULT1A3 can convert hydrogen peroxide into water , which is then released from the cell.

SULT1A3 is also involved in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways. For example, it is involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated during cellular metabolism. ROS can cause damage to cellular components and contribute to the development of cancer . SULT1A3 can convert ROS into water, which is then released from the cell.

SULT1A3 is also involved in the regulation of inflammation. For example, it is involved in the detoxification of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-伪 and IL-1. These cytokines can cause inflammation and contribute to the development of many diseases, including cancer. SULT1A3 can convert these cytokines into less

Protein Name: Sulfotransferase Family 1A Member 3

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