TAP1: A Protein as A Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurological and Liver Diseases

Target Name: TAP1

NCBI ID: G6890

TAP1

TAP1: A Protein as A Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurological and Liver Diseases

TAP1 (RING4) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body. It is a member of the Ring family of proteins, which are known for their ability to form a ring-shaped structure in response to various stimuli. One of the most interesting aspects of TAP1 is its potential as a drug target or biomarker.

The discovery of TAP1 as a potential drug target comes from a study by the scientists at the University of California, San Diego. In this study, the researchers found that TAP1 was highly expressed in various tissues, including the brain, and that it was involved in the formation of neural circuits. The researchers also found that blocking TAP1 reduced the formation of new neural connections, which could lead to the death of neural cells and the loss of neural circuits.

This finding has great implications for the development of drugs that can treat neurological disorders. If TAP1 is indeed a drug target, then blocking it could be a promising new way to treat a variety of neurological conditions.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, TAP1 has also been found to be a potential biomarker for various diseases. For example, a study by the scientists at the University of California, Irvine found that TAP1 was highly expressed in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and that blocking TAP1 could lead to the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in the brain, which are thought to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Another study by the scientists at the University of California, San Diego found that TAP1 was highly expressed in the livers of individuals with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and that blocking TAP1 could lead to the improvement of liver function in these individuals.

These findings suggest that TAP1 could be a valuable biomarker for a variety of diseases, and that it may also be a useful target for the development of new drugs. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of TAP1 in these diseases and to determine the best way to use it as a drug or biomarker.

Protein Name: Transporter 1, ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member

Functions: ABC transporter associated with antigen processing. In complex with TAP2 mediates unidirectional translocation of peptide antigens from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for loading onto MHC class I (MHCI) molecules (PubMed:25656091, PubMed:25377891). Uses the chemical energy of ATP to export peptides against the concentration gradient (PubMed:25377891). During the transport cycle alternates between 'inward-facing' state with peptide binding site facing the cytosol to 'outward-facing' state with peptide binding site facing the ER lumen. Peptide antigen binding to ATP-loaded TAP1-TAP2 induces a switch to hydrolysis-competent 'outward-facing' conformation ready for peptide loading onto nascent MHCI molecules. Subsequently ATP hydrolysis resets the transporter to the 'inward facing' state for a new cycle (PubMed:25377891, PubMed:25656091, PubMed:11274390). Typically transports intracellular peptide antigens of 8 to 13 amino acids that arise from cytosolic proteolysis via IFNG-induced immunoproteasome. Binds peptides with free N- and C-termini, the first three and the C-terminal residues being critical. Preferentially selects peptides having a highly hydrophobic residue at position 3 and hydrophobic or charged residues at the C-terminal anchor. Proline at position 2 has the most destabilizing effect (PubMed:7500034, PubMed:9256420, PubMed:11274390). As a component of the peptide loading complex (PLC), acts as a molecular scaffold essential for peptide-MHCI assembly and antigen presentation (PubMed:26611325, PubMed:1538751, PubMed:25377891)

The "TAP1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about TAP1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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