SEC16B: Key Regulator of Cell Division and Apoptosis (G89866)

Target Name: SEC16B

NCBI ID: G89866

SEC16B

SEC16B: Key Regulator of Cell Division and Apoptosis

SEC16B (FLJ23871) is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the lungs, heart, kidneys, and brain. It is a key regulator of cell division and has been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders.

One of the defining features of SEC16B is its role in the regulation of mitosis, the process by which a cell divides. Mitosis is a complex process that involves the recruitment of various proteins to the centromere, the site where the chromosomes are attached to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle, and the execution of a series of steps that ensure that each chromosome is correctly divided.

SEC16B is a key regulator of the mitotic exit step, a critical step in the separation of the sister chromatids that occur during mitosis. During this step, the sister chromatids break apart and move apart from the centromere, allowing the chromosomes to separate and be distributed evenly to the two daughter cells.

In addition to its role in mitosis, SEC16B is also involved in the regulation of apoptosis, a process by which cells undergo programmed cell death. Apoptosis is a natural and necessary part of the life cycle and is critical for the development and maintenance of tissues and organs. However, whenSEC16B is disrupted, it can lead to the uncontrolled growth and division of cells, leading to the development of cancer.

SEC16B has also been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. These conditions are characterized by the progressive loss of brain cells and the development of neurofibrillary tangles and other aberrant cellular structures.

One of the key features of SEC16B is its ability to interact with the microtubules of the mitotic spindle. This interaction is critical for the regulation of mitosis and the separation of the sister chromatids.

In addition to its role in cell division, SEC16B is also involved in the regulation of gene expression. This is achieved through its ability to interact with the RNA polymerase, a protein that transcribes DNA into RNA. By interacting with the RNA polymerase, SEC16B can regulate the levels of various proteins that are synthesized from the DNA, including those involved in cell division and apoptosis.

SEC16B is also involved in the regulation of cellular signaling pathways. This is achieved through its ability to interact with a variety of signaling proteins, including T-cell signaling pathway.

In conclusion, SEC16B is a protein that is involved in a number of important cellular processes, including cell division, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. Its regulation of these processes is critical for the development and maintenance of tissues and organs, and its dysfunction is implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of SEC16B in these processes and to develop effective treatments.

Protein Name: SEC16 Homolog B, Endoplasmic Reticulum Export Factor

Functions: Plays a role in the organization of the endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES), also known as transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Required for secretory cargo traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (PubMed:17192411, PubMed:21768384, PubMed:22355596). Involved in peroxisome biogenesis. Regulates the transport of peroxisomal biogenesis factors PEX3 and PEX16 from the ER to peroxisomes (PubMed:21768384)

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