COX4I1 as a Potential Drug Target: An Overview and Theoretical Implications

Target Name: COX4I1

NCBI ID: G1327

COX4I1

COX4I1 as a Potential Drug Target: An Overview and Theoretical Implications

Cox4I1 (cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV) is a protein that plays a crucial role in cell signaling pathways, particularly in the regulation of pain and inflammation. It is a member of the superfamily of cytochrome c oxidase (CYTOCOMPOSITIVE) proteins, which are involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause oxidative stress and contribute to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory disorders.

Several studies have identified COX4I1 as a potential drug target due to its unique function and its potential to modulate cellular processes that are associated with various diseases. In this article, we will provide an overview of COX4I1, its functions, and its potential as a drug target.

Functions and Localization

COX4I1 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in various cell types, including muscle, nerve, heart, and cancer cells. It is primarily localized to the cytoplasm and can also be found in the mitochondria. COX4I1 is involved in the production of ROS, which can interact with various cellular components and contribute to cellular signaling pathways.

COX4I1 is a member of the superfamily of CYTOCOMPOSITIVE cytochrome c oxidase proteins, which include other well-known proteins such as COX1, COX2, and COX3. These proteins share a conserved catalytic core and a common ATP-binding site, but differ in their lengths and subcellular localizations. COX4I1 is unique in that it is primarily localized to the cytoplasm and has a cytoplasmic localization profile.

Potential Drug Target

Several studies have suggested that COX4I1 may be a potential drug target due to its unique functions and its potential to modulate cellular processes that are associated with various diseases. Here are some of the potential mechanisms by which COX4I1 may be a drug target:

1. Pain Modulation

COX4I1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of pain perception and neuroinflammation. It has been shown to reduce pain sensitivity in various models, including thermal and chemical pain. In addition, COX4I1 has been shown to protect against neuroinflammation by modulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

2. Inflammation Modulation

COX4I1 is involved in the regulation of inflammation and has been shown to modulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has been shown to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in various models, including the production of TNF-伪, IL-1尾, and IL-6.

3. Cellular Communication

COX4I1 is involved in cellular communication and has been shown to regulate the transfer of intracellular signaling messages. It has been shown to interact with various signaling molecules, including TGF-β, NF-kappa-B, and PI3K.

4. Cellular Metabolism

COX4I1 is involved in cellular metabolism and has been shown to regulate the production of glucose and lipids. It has been shown to interact with various enzymes involved in cellular metabolism, including GLUT1 and GLUT2.

Theoretical Implications

The identification of COX4I1 as a potential drug target raises several theoretical implications. If COX4I1 is a valid drug target, then modulating its activity may have therapeutic benefits for various diseases. Here are some of the theoretical implications of modulating COX4I1 activity:

1. Pain Relief

Modulating CO

Protein Name: Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 4I1

Functions: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix

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•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
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•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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