CYP19A1: Enzyme Involved in Drug and Toxin Metabolism (G1588)

Target Name: CYP19A1

NCBI ID: G1588

CYP19A1

CYP19A1: Enzyme Involved in Drug and Toxin Metabolism

CYP19A1, also known as CYP19A1 gene or microsomal monooxygenase, is a gene that encodes a protein located in the mitochondria. The protein produced by this gene is known as CYP19A1, and it plays a crucial role in the metabolism of various compounds, including drugs.

CYP19A1 is a key enzyme in the metabolism of many drugs, including statins, which are used to treat high cholesterol and heart disease. CYP19A1 is also involved in the metabolism of other drugs, including some antidepressants and beta blockers.

CYP19A1 is a protein that is expressed in the mitochondria, which are organelles found in the cells that are responsible for generating energy. The mitochondria are also the sites of many of the cellular metabolism-related processes, including the production of the energy-carrying molecule called ATP.

The CYP19A1 gene is located on chromosome 19, and it is responsible for producing the CYP19A1 protein. The protein is made up of several hundred amino acids and is typically expressed in the form of a monomeric protein.

The CYP19A1 protein is involved in the metabolism of a wide variety of compounds, including drugs, toxins, and other substances that are present in the body. It is often used as a drug target or biomarker, as the activity of the CYP19A1 protein can be measured and correlated with the effectiveness or safety of certain drugs.

One of the primary functions of the CYP19A1 protein is its role in the metabolism of drugs. Many drugs work by altering the levels of certain compounds in the body, and the CYP19A1 protein is involved in the production of those compounds. For example, some drugs work by inhibiting the production of CYP19A1, while others work by increasing its production.

Another function of the CYP19A1 protein is its role in the metabolism of toxins. Many toxins, including those that are produced by bacteria and other microorganisms, are broken down and removed from the body by the liver and other organs. the metabolism of those toxins, and it is often used as a biomarker to measure the effectiveness of treatments that are designed to remove or reduce toxins from the body.

In addition to its role in drug and toxin metabolism, the CYP19A1 protein is also involved in the production of other compounds that are important for cellular function. For example, the CYP19A1 protein is involved in the metabolism of the molecule NAD+, which is a crucial coenzyme that is involved in many cellular processes.

The CYP19A1 gene is often used as a drug target or biomarker because of its involvement in the metabolism of drugs and other substances. By studying the activity of the CYP19A1 protein, researchers can develop better understanding of how drugs interact with the body and how they can be used to treat various diseases.

In conclusion, CYP19A1 is a protein that is involved in the metabolism of a wide variety of compounds, including drugs and toxins. It is often used as a drug target or biomarker, and its activity can be measured and correlated with the effectiveness or safety of certain drugs. Further research is needed to better understand the role of CYP19A1 in the body and how it can be used to treat various diseases.

Protein Name: Cytochrome P450 Family 19 Subfamily A Member 1

Functions: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively (PubMed:27702664, PubMed:2848247). Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19-aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid (PubMed:20385561). Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19-norsteroid and formic acid. Converts dihydrotestosterone to delta1,10-dehydro 19-nordihydrotestosterone and may play a role in homeostasis of this potent androgen (PubMed:22773874). Also displays 2-hydroxylase activity toward estrone (PubMed:22773874). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:20385561, PubMed:22773874)

The "CYP19A1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about CYP19A1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

More Common Targets