Inhibiting EIF2AK1: A Potential Approach To Treating Anemia (G27102)

Target Name: EIF2AK1

NCBI ID: G27102

EIF2AK1

Inhibiting EIF2AK1: A Potential Approach To Treating Anemia

Hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Hemoglobin is made up of four alpha subunits and one beta subunit that are held together by a protein called hemoglobin subunit A (HSA). HSA plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of hemoglobin and is responsible for the protein's ability to carry oxygen. HSA functions by engaging a protein called EIF2AK1 (EIF2-associated kinase 1) to promote the formation of a covalent complex between Hb and oxygen.

The heme sensitive initiation factor 2a (EIF2AK1) kinase is a protein that is expressed in many different tissues and cells in the body. It is a key regulator of the process of hemoglobin formation and is involved in the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Drug Target or Biomarker?

The discovery of EIF2AK1 as a potential drug target or biomarker has significant implications for the treatment of anemia and other disorders related to hemoglobin function. Anemia is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide and is characterized by a low number of red blood cells or a low level of hemoglobin. Anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including chronic illness, blood loss, or deficiency of essential nutrients.

EIF2AK1 is a protein that is expressed in many different tissues and cells in the body, including the liver, spleen, and muscle. It is known to be involved in the regulation of hemoglobin formation and has been shown to play a role in the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Studies have suggested that inhibiting EIF2AK1 may be a useful way to treat anemia by increasing the amount of hemoglobin available in the body. This could be achieved by using drugs that inhibit the activity of EIF2AK1, such as those that are currently being developed as potential treatments for anemia.

Another potential use of EIF2AK1 as a drug target is its potential as a biomarker for monitoring the effectiveness of anemia treatments. By measuring the level of hemoglobin in the blood, doctors can determine whether anemia is being treated effectively and identify potential areas for improvement.

Pathway to EIF2AK1 Inhibition

EIF2AK1 is a protein that is involved in the regulation of many different cellular processes in the body. It is known to be involved in the formation of the protein hemoglobin and in the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

To inhibit the activity of EIF2AK1, doctors may use a variety of different approaches, including the use of small molecules, antibodies, or other proteins that are designed to interact with EIF2AK1.

One way to inhibit the activity of EIF2AK1 is to use small molecules that bind to specific interacting sites on the protein. This can include drugs that inhibit the activity of EIF2AK1's enzymes, such as those that are currently being developed as potential treatments for anemia.

Another approach to inhibiting the activity of EIF2AK1 is to use antibodies that are designed to bind to specific interacting sites on the protein. This can include antibodies that target EIF2AK1 directly or antibodies that are designed to interact with proteins that are involved in the regulation of EIF2AK1 activity.

Another way to inhibit the activity of EIF2AK1 is to use proteins that are specifically designed to interact with EIF2AK1 and inhibit its activity. This can include proteins that are derived from EIF2AK1 or proteins that are designed to mimic the structure of EIF2AK1.

Mechanism of

Protein Name: Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Alpha Kinase 1

Functions: Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) in response to various stress conditions (PubMed:32132706, PubMed:32132707). Key activator of the integrated stress response (ISR) required for adaptation to various stress, such as heme deficiency, oxidative stress, osmotic shock, mitochondrial dysfunction and heat shock (PubMed:32132706, PubMed:32132707). EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a global attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, and hence allowing ATF4-mediated reprogramming (PubMed:32132706, PubMed:32132707). Acts as a key sensor of heme-deficiency: in normal conditions, binds hemin via a cysteine thiolate and histidine nitrogenous coordination, leading to inhibit the protein kinase activity (By similarity). This binding occurs with moderate affinity, allowing it to sense the heme concentration within the cell: heme depletion relieves inhibition and stimulates kinase activity, activating the ISR (By similarity). Thanks to this unique heme-sensing capacity, plays a crucial role to shut off protein synthesis during acute heme-deficient conditions (By similarity). In red blood cells (RBCs), controls hemoglobin synthesis ensuring a coordinated regulation of the synthesis of its heme and globin moieties (By similarity). It thereby plays an essential protective role for RBC survival in anemias of iron deficiency (By similarity). Also activates the ISR in response to mitochondrial dysfunction: HRI/EIF2AK1 protein kinase activity is activated upon binding to the processed form of DELE1 (S-DELE1), thereby promoting the ATF4-mediated reprogramming (PubMed:32132706, PubMed:32132707)

The "EIF2AK1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about EIF2AK1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

More Common Targets