TYROBP: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Transmembrane Immune Signaling Adaptors

Target Name: TYROBP

NCBI ID: G7305

TYROBP

TYROBP: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Transmembrane Immune Signaling Adaptors

Abstract:

The immune system is a critical element of human health, and its function is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the body. One of the key components of the immune system are the transmembrane immune signaling adaptors, which mediate the interactions between immune cells and tissues. TYROBP, transcript variant 1, is a non-coding RNA molecule that belongs to the subfamily of transmembrane immune signaling adaptors. In this article, we will discuss the discovery, function, and potential clinical applications of TYROBP as a drug target and biomarker.

Introduction:

The immune system is a complex network of mechanisms that protect the body from external threats. The signaling interactions between immune cells and tissues play a critical role in this process. Transmembrane immune signaling adaptors (TMSAs) are a subclass of adaptors that are involved in these interactions. They help to regulate the movement and activity of immune cells, thereby ensuring an appropriate immune response to the presence of pathogens.

TYROBP, transcript variant 1, is a non-coding RNA molecule that belongs to the subfamily of TMSAs. It is expressed in various tissues and cell types, including the brain, heart, liver, and muscle. TYROBP has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of immune cell function and has potential as a drug target or biomarker.

Discovery and Function:

The discovery of TYROBP as a potential drug target or biomarker began through its identification as a potential protein-coding gene in the human transcriptome. The gene was first identified in 2002 using DNA microarray analysis and has since been verified by RNA sequencing. TYROBP is a small non-coding RNA molecule that contains 1,184 amino acid residues.

The function of TYROBP is closely related to that of its immediate precursor protein, TYROBP1. TYROBP1 is a protein that is expressed in various tissues and cell types and has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of immune cell function. TYROBP1 functions as a scaffold to recruit other immune molecules to the site of an infection or inflammation.

In addition to its role in immune cell function, TYROBP has also been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of cellular processes that are relevant to its function as a protein-coding gene. For example, TYROBP has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cell adhesion, migration, and the cytoskeleton.

Potential Clinical Applications:

The potential clinical applications of TYROBP as a drug target or biomarker are vast and varied. One of the most promising applications is its potential as a target for small molecule inhibitors. The regulation of TYROBP function by small molecules could be exploited to develop new treatments for a variety of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases.

In addition to its potential as a drug target, TYROBP has also been shown to be a potential biomarker for a variety of diseases. For example, TYROBP has been shown to be downregulated in various diseases, including cancer, and its levels have been shown to be associated with the development of certain diseases. This suggests that TYROBP may be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of disease.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, TYROBP is a non-coding RNA molecule that belongs to the subfamily of transmembrane immune signaling adaptors. Its function as a protein-coding gene has been well-documented, and its potential as a drug target or biomarker is

Protein Name: Transmembrane Immune Signaling Adaptor TYROBP

Functions: Adapter protein which non-covalently associates with activating receptors found on the surface of a variety of immune cells to mediate signaling and cell activation following ligand binding by the receptors (PubMed:9490415, PubMed:9655483, PubMed:10604985). TYROBP is tyrosine-phosphorylated in the ITAM domain following ligand binding by the associated receptors which leads to activation of additional tyrosine kinases and subsequent cell activation (PubMed:9490415). Also has an inhibitory role in some cells (PubMed:21727189). Non-covalently associates with activating receptors of the CD300 family to mediate cell activation (PubMed:15557162, PubMed:16920917, PubMed:17928527, PubMed:26221034). Also mediates cell activation through association with activating receptors of the CD200R family (By similarity). Required for neutrophil activation mediated by integrin (By similarity). Required for the activation of myeloid cells mediated by the CLEC5A/MDL1 receptor (PubMed:10449773). Associates with natural killer (NK) cell receptors such as KIR2DS2 and the KLRD1/KLRC2 heterodimer to mediate NK cell activation (PubMed:9490415, PubMed:9655483, PubMed:23715743). Also enhances trafficking and cell surface expression of NK cell receptors KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS4 and ensures their stability at the cell surface (PubMed:23715743). Associates with SIRPB1 to mediate activation of myeloid cells such as monocytes and dendritic cells (PubMed:10604985). Associates with TREM1 to mediate activation of neutrophils and monocytes (PubMed:10799849). Associates with TREM2 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells to mediate up-regulation of chemokine receptor CCR7 and dendritic cell maturation and survival (PubMed:11602640). Association with TREM2 mediates cytokine-induced formation of multinucleated giant cells which are formed by the fusion of macrophages (PubMed:18957693). Stabilizes the TREM2 C-terminal fragment (TREM2-CTF) produced by TREM2 ectodomain shedding which suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:25957402). In microglia, required with TREM2 for phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons (By similarity). Required with ITGAM/CD11B in microglia to control production of microglial superoxide ions which promote the neuronal apoptosis that occurs during brain development (By similarity). Promotes pro-inflammatory responses in microglia following nerve injury which accelerates degeneration of injured neurons (By similarity). Positively regulates the expression of the IRAK3/IRAK-M kinase and IL10 production by liver dendritic cells and inhibits their T cell allostimulatory ability (By similarity). Negatively regulates B cell proliferation (PubMed:21727189). Required for CSF1-mediated osteoclast cytoskeletal organization (By similarity). Positively regulates multinucleation during osteoclast development (By similarity)

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•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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