NOL9: A Key Enzyme in DNA Replication and Cancer (G79707)

Target Name: NOL9

NCBI ID: G79707

NOL9

NOL9: A Key Enzyme in DNA Replication and Cancer

Polynucleotide 5'-kinase (NOL9) is a protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. It is a key enzyme in the DNA replication machinery, which is responsible for copying the genetic material from the DNA template to the new RNA and protein produced by the cell.

NOL9 is a 13 kDa protein that is expressed in most eukaryotic cells. It is highly conserved across different species, with only minor differences in its sequence. NOL9 is localized to the nucleus and is associated with the nuclear envelope.

NOL9 plays a crucial role in the regulation of DNA replication. It is the first enzyme in the DNA replication machinery to be recruited to the site of DNA replication. Once NOL9 is recruited to the site, it catalyzes the conversion of the 5' end of a double-stranded DNA template to a single-stranded form. This conversion is critical for DNA replication to begin.

NOL9 is also involved in the regulation of gene expression. It can interact with the RNA polymerase II (RNA-II), which is the enzyme responsible for transcription. NOL9 can inhibit the activity of RNA-II, which can prevent the translation of RNA into protein. This regulation of gene expression is critical for the proper functioning of the cell and is a potential drug target.

NOL9 is also associated with the regulation of cell cycle progression. It is a component of the metaphase-anaphase cycle, which is the stage of cell division where the chromosomes are replicated and the cell divides. During metaphase, NOL9 is localize to the centromere, which is the region of the chromosome where the spindle fibers attach. During anaphase, NOL9 is involved in the recruitment of the chromatin fiber to the spindle fiber.

In addition to its role in DNA replication and gene expression, NOL9 is also a potential biomarker for cancer. The expression of NOL9 is often elevated in cancer cells, and its levels can be used as a reflection of the severity of cancer. For example, high levels of NOL9 have been observed in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancers.

NOL9 is also a potential drug target. The inhibition of NOL9 has been shown to be effective in various models of cancer, including cell line models and animal models. NOL9 inhibitors have been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis (programmed cell death), and alter the expression of genes involved in cell growth and survival.

In conclusion, NOL9 is a critical enzyme involved in the regulation of DNA replication and gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Its localization to the nucleus and its association with the DNA replication machinery make it a potential drug target. The inhibition of NOL9 has been shown to be effective in various models of cancer, and its levels can be used as a reflection of the severity of cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of NOL9 in cancer and to develop effective therapies based on its inhibition.

Protein Name: Nucleolar Protein 9

Functions: Polynucleotide 5'-kinase involved in rRNA processing. The kinase activity is required for the processing of the 32S precursor into 5.8S and 28S rRNAs, more specifically for the generation of the major 5.8S(S) form. In vitro, has both DNA and RNA 5'-kinase activities. Probably binds RNA

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•   general information;
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