EXD2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker (G55218)

Target Name: EXD2

NCBI ID: G55218

EXD2

EXD2: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

EXD2 (C14orf114), a gene that encodes a protein known as exonuclease D2 (XNU), is a potential drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Its research has been attracting significant attention in recent years due to its unique structure and various functions in the cell.

EXD2, which is located on chromosome 14, was first identified in the course of gene expression studies using transcriptomics and RNA sequencing techniques. The gene was found to encode a protein with a unique structure, consisting of a long N-terminus, a catalytic domain, and a short C-terminus. The protein encoded by EXD2 is known as exonuclease D2 (XNU) and it has various functions in the cell, including DNA repair, apoptosis, and cell signaling.

One of the most significant functions of XNU is its role in DNA repair. XNU is capable of recognizing and degrading DNA double-strand breaks, which are a common form of genetic damage that can occur due to various factors, including ionizing radiation, chemical agents, and infections. In fact, XNU is known to be a critical factor in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks caused by the oncogene HIC-1, which is a transcription factor that is often aberrantly activated in cancer cells.

In addition to its role in DNA repair, XNU is also involved in cell signaling. It has been shown to play a role in the regulation of various signaling pathways, including the T-cell receptor signaling pathway, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway. In fact, XNU has been shown to be a positive regulator of the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway, which is a well-established regulator of inflammation and immune responses.

Another function of XNU is its role in cell apoptosis, which is the process by which cells undergo programmed cell death. XNU has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis, including the production of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax and Bak, which are involved in the execution of programmed cell death. In addition, XNU has also been shown to play a role in the regulation of neutralizing the effects of chemotherapy drugs, which are often used to induce apoptosis in cancer cells.

In conclusion, EXD2 is a gene that encodes a protein with unique functions in the cell, including DNA repair, cell signaling, and cell apoptosis. Its research has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its potential as a drug target and biomarker for various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Further studies are needed to fully understand the various functions of EXD2 and its potential as a drug.

Protein Name: Exonuclease 3'-5' Domain Containing 2

Functions: Exonuclease that has both 3'-5' exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities, depending on the divalent metal cation used as cofactor (PubMed:29335528, PubMed:31127291). In presence of Mg(2+), only shows 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity, while it shows both exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities in presence of Mn(2+) (PubMed:29335528, PubMed:31127291). Acts as an exoribonuclease in mitochondrion, possibly by regulating ATP production and mitochondrial translation (PubMed:29335528). Also involved in the response to DNA damage (PubMed:26807646, PubMed:31255466). Acts as 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease for double-strand breaks resection and efficient homologous recombination (PubMed:20603073, PubMed:26807646). Plays a key role in controlling the initial steps of chromosomal break repair, it is recruited to chromatin in a damage-dependent manner and functionally interacts with the MRN complex to accelerate resection through its 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which efficiently processes double-stranded DNA substrates containing nicks (PubMed:26807646). Also involved in response to replicative stress: recruited to stalled forks and is required to stabilize and restart stalled replication forks by restraining excessive fork regression, thereby suppressing their degradation (PubMed:31255466)

The "EXD2 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about EXD2 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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