PCMT1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Post-Translational Modification

Target Name: PCMT1

NCBI ID: G5110

PCMT1

Other Name(s): L-isoaspartyl protein carboxyl methyltransferase | S-adenosyl-L-methionine:protein-L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase | epididymis secretory sperm binding protein | Protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase, transcript variant 2 | PIMT | Epididymis secretory sperm binding protein | Protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase, transcript variant 1 | PCMT1 variant 2 | L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl methyltransferase | PIMT_HUMAN | PCMT1 variant 1 | Protein-L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase (isoform 1) | protein L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl methyltransferase | Protein-L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase | Protein L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl methyltransferase | Protein-beta-aspartate methyltransferase | protein-beta-aspartate methyltransferase | protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase | Protein-L-isoaspartate(D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase (isoform 2)

PCMT1: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Post-Translational Modification

Post-translational modification (PTM) is a crucial process in cell biology that plays a significant role in regulating gene expression and cellular signaling. One of the PTMs that has garnered significant interest in recent years is aspartyl protein carboxyl (APC) methylation. This post-translational modification is a modification of the aspartyl protein residue, where the amino acid lysine is methylated. There are several PTMs that involve aspartyl protein carboxylation, but one of the most prominent is PCMT1 (L-isoaspartyl protein carboxyl methyltransferase). In this article, we will discuss PCMT1, its function, potential drug targets, and potential biomarkers.

Function of PCMT1

PCMT1 is a non-protein coding RNA-protein hybrid that is expressed in various tissues and cells. It is a key enzyme in the PTM network that involves aspartyl protein carboxylation. This modification is critical for the regulation of protein stability, localization, and interactions with other cellular components.

PCMT1 functions by binding to specific target proteins and modifying their aspartyl protein residues. This modification is then reversible and can result in the release of the modified protein. PCMT1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of various cellular processes, including cell signaling, protein folding, and stability.

Potential Drug Targets

PCMT1 is a potential drug target for several reasons. Firstly, aspartyl protein carboxylation is a widely studied post-translational modification, and targeting this modification has the potential to identify new therapeutic targets. Secondly, PCMT1 is a versatile enzyme that can be used for various applications, including the development of drug-resistant bacteria and the modulation of protein stability.

Drugs that target PCMT1 have been shown to have various biological effects. For example, inhibitors of PCMT1 have been shown to increase the levels of aspartyl protein carboxylation and enhance the stability of aspartyl protein residues. This may lead to the formation of protein-protein aggregates, which can be harmful to the cell. Therefore, drugs that can inhibit PCMT1 activity may have potential therapeutic applications.

Potential Biomarkers

PCMT1 is a potential biomarker for several diseases. For example, PCMT1 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of protein stability and localization, which may be relevant to diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diseases associated with protein misfolding. Additionally, PCMT1 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cell signaling, which may be relevant to diseases associated with signaling pathways, such as neurotransmitter release and cell signaling.

Conclusion

In conclusion, PCMT1 is a non-protein coding RNA-protein hybrid that is expressed in various tissues and cells and plays a critical role in the regulation of aspartyl protein carboxylation. Its function as a key enzyme in the PTM network has led to its potential as a drug target and biomarker. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of PCMT1 in various cellular processes and to develop new therapeutic approaches that target this important post-translational modification.

Protein Name: Protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase

Functions: Initiates the repair of damaged proteins by catalyzing methyl esterification of L-isoaspartyl and D-aspartyl residues produced by spontaneous isomerization and racemization of L-aspartyl and L-asparaginyl residues in aging peptides and proteins (PubMed:3167043, PubMed:6469980). Acts on EIF4EBP2, microtubule-associated protein 2, calreticulin, clathrin light chains a and b, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1, stathmin, beta-synuclein and alpha-synuclein (By similarity)

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