Target Name: FTO
NCBI ID: G79068
Review Report on FTO Target / Biomarker Content of Review Report on FTO Target / Biomarker
FTO
Other Name(s): Fat mass and obesity-associated protein | KIAA1752 | MGC5149 | fat mass and obesity associated | U6 small nuclear RNA N(6)-methyladenosine-demethylase FTO | FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygena

FTO: A Protein Linked To Obesity and Related Health Issues

Obesity and related health issues have become a significant public health concern in recent years. The prevalence of obesity has increased significantly in children and adults, and it is estimated that the number of obese adults in the United States has reached 46.5 million. Obesity is not only aesthetically unattractive but also associated with a range of health problems, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.

One of the known proteins that have been associated with obesity is the fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO). FTO is a protein that is expressed in human tissues and is known to play a role in the regulation of body weight and obesity.

The FTO gene is located on chromosome 10 and encodes a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body. FTO is a 22-kDa protein that is characterized by a unique N-terminal region that contains a conserved nucleotide sequence known as the N- terminal alpha-helix. This alpha-helical region is thought to play a role in the stability and functions of the protein.

FTO has been shown to be involved in a number of physiological processes that are related to obesity and body weight, including the regulation of food intake, metabolism, and inflammation.

One of the well-established functions of FTO is its role in the regulation of food intake. Several studies have shown that FTO is involved in the regulation of satiety, or the feeling of fullness, after eating a meal. levels are increased in individuals that are obese and that FTO inhibits the release of satiety hormones, such as leptin, which would normally help to reduce appetite.

Another function of FTO is its role in metabolism. FTO has been shown to play a role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and the production of fat. FTO has been shown to interact with the glucose transporter GLUT1 and to regulate the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism.

FTO has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation. Several studies have shown that FTO is involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-6. These cytokines are involved in the regulation of immune responses and have been implicated in a number of diseases, including obesity.

Due to its involvement in a number of physiological processes related to obesity and body weight, FTO has become an attractive drug target for researchers. Several studies have shown that FTO can be effectively targeted with small molecules and that these drugs can lead to significant improvements in body weight and related health outcomes.

One of the small molecules that has been shown to be effective in targeting FTO is the drug metformin. Metformin is a commonly used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and is known to work by inhibiting the activity of FTO. By inhibiting the activity of FTO, metformin has been shown to be effective in reducing body weight and improving related health outcomes in obese individuals.

Another small molecule that has been shown to be effective in targeting FTO is the drug rapamycin. Rapamycin is a drug that is used to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs and is also known to be effective in reducing body weight and improving related health outcomes in obese individuals.

In conclusion, FTO is a protein that is associated with obesity and body weight. FTO plays a role in the regulation of satiety, metabolism, and inflammation and has been shown to be involved in a number of diseases. As a result, FTO has become an attractive drug target for researchers and is being investigated as a potential treatment for obesity and related health issues. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of FTO in obesity and to develop safe and effective drugs that can target FTO.

Protein Name: FTO Alpha-ketoglutarate Dependent Dioxygenase

Functions: RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis (PubMed:22002720, PubMed:26458103, PubMed:28002401, PubMed:30197295, PubMed:26457839, PubMed:25452335). Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes (PubMed:22002720, PubMed:26458103, PubMed:30197295, PubMed:26457839, PubMed:25452335). M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability (PubMed:30197295). Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (PubMed:30197295). Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)-methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA (PubMed:28002401, PubMed:30197295). Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping (PubMed:28002401). Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs (PubMed:30197295). Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine (PubMed:20376003). Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA (PubMed:20376003). Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (PubMed:26287746). Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity). Plays an oncogenic role in a number of acute myeloid leukemias by enhancing leukemic oncogene-mediated cell transformation: acts by mediating m6A demethylation of target transcripts such as MYC, CEBPA, ASB2 and RARA, leading to promote their expression (PubMed:28017614, PubMed:29249359)

The "FTO Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about FTO comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

More Common Targets

FTO-IT1 | FTOP1 | FTSJ1 | FTSJ3 | FTX | FUBP1 | FUBP3 | FUCA1 | FUCA2 | Fucosyl GM1 | Fucosyltransferase | FUNDC1 | FUNDC2 | FUNDC2P2 | FUNDC2P3 | FUOM | FURIN | FUS | FUT1 | FUT10 | FUT11 | FUT2 | FUT3 | FUT4 | FUT5 | FUT6 | FUT7 | FUT8 | FUT8-AS1 | FUT9 | FUZ | FXN | FXR1 | FXR2 | FXYD1 | FXYD2 | FXYD3 | FXYD4 | FXYD5 | FXYD6 | FXYD6-FXYD2 | FXYD7 | FYB1 | FYB2 | FYCO1 | FYN | FYTTD1 | FZD1 | FZD10 | FZD10-AS1 | FZD2 | FZD3 | FZD4 | FZD4-DT | FZD5 | FZD6 | FZD7 | FZD8 | FZD9 | FZR1 | G protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channel (GIRK) | G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases (GRKs) | G0S2 | G2E3 | G2E3-AS1 | G3BP1 | G3BP2 | G6PC1 | G6PC2 | G6PC3 | G6PD | GA-binding protein | GAA | GAB1 | GAB2 | GAB3 | GAB4 | GABA(A) receptor | GABARAP | GABARAPL1 | GABARAPL2 | GABARAPL3 | GABBR1 | GABBR2 | GABPA | GABPAP | GABPB1 | GABPB1-AS1 | GABPB1-IT1 | GABPB2 | GABRA1 | GABRA2 | GABRA3 | GABRA4 | GABRA5 | GABRA6 | GABRB1 | GABRB2 | GABRB3 | GABRD