The Role of NDUFS3 in Disease and Its Potential as A Drug Target

Target Name: NDUFS3

NCBI ID: G4722

NDUFS3

The Role of NDUFS3 in Disease and Its Potential as A Drug Target

NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NDUFS3) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain of mitochondria. It is a subunit of the complex responsible for reducing NAD+ to NADH, which is then used to produce ATP energy. The activity of NDUFS3 is affected by a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, such as age, gender, lifestyle and drugs. Therefore, studying the role of NDUFS3 in disease and its potential as a drug target (or biomarker) have important clinical significance.

The role of NDUFS3

NDUFS3 is a key enzyme in the electron transport chain. It transfers the energy generated to the inner mitochondrial membrane by reducing NAD+ to NADH. On the inner mitochondrial membrane, NADH generates ATP energy through the respiratory chain. This process involves multiple steps, including the oxidation of FAD, the participation of the ubiquitin system, and the coupling of multiple electron transfers. NDUFS3 plays a central role in the electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons in the ubiquitin system to FAD, generating FADH2, and reducing NAD+ to NADH. This reaction can be expressed as:

NAD+ + FAD + 2[H] + 2O2 鈫? NADH + 2FADH2 + 2H2O + 2e-

Among them, the reactant on the left is the reducing agent, and the product on the right is the oxidizing agent. By reducing NAD+ to NADH, NDUFS3 will produce a large amount of NADH, which is then used to generate ATP energy. This process is crucial in cells because ATP is the energy source for most biochemical reactions in cells.

The activity of NDUFS3 is affected by a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. For example, the activity of NDUFS3 decreases with age, which may be related to the occurrence of various diseases, such as aging, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, the activity of NDUFS3 may also be affected by drugs, such as antibiotics, antihypertensive drugs, and antidepressants. Therefore, studying the role and potential of NDUFS3 as a drug target (or biomarker) has important clinical significance.

Potential as a drug target (or biomarker)

NDUFS3 has the potential as a drug target (or biomarker) in a variety of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and liver diseases.

1. As a cancer treatment target

NDUFS3 plays an important role in various cancers, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Studies have found that the activity of NDUFS3 is closely related to the progression and treatment response of various cancers. For example, studies have shown that the activity of NDUFS3 decreases as cancer patients survive longer, which may be related to tumor progression and reduced response to treatment. In addition, the expression level of NDUFS3 is also related to the prognosis of various cancers, such as patient survival time, survival time after surgical treatment, and survival time after chemotherapy.

2. As a target for diabetes treatment

NDUFS3 also plays an important role in the treatment of diabetes. Research shows that the activity of NDUFS3 is affected by multiple factors, such as age, gender, diet and exercise. Age is an important factor in NDUFS3 activity. As age increases, NDUFS3 activity decreases, which may be related to the onset and development of diabetes. In addition, lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise may also affect the activity of NDUFS3, thereby affecting the effectiveness of diabetes treatment.

3. As a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases

NDUFS3 also plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. For example, studies have found that the activity of NDUFS3 is closely related to the progression and treatment response of Parkinson's disease. In addition, the expression level of NDUFS3 is also related to the prognosis of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which provides an important theoretical basis for studying NDUFS3 as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.

4. As a therapeutic target for antidepressants

NDUFS3 in

Protein Name: NADH:ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S3

Functions: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor (PubMed:14729820, PubMed:30140060). Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I (PubMed:14729820, PubMed:24028823, PubMed:30140060)

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