PLA2G4C: A Potential Drug Target for Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Target Name: PLA2G4C

NCBI ID: G8605

PLA2G4C

PLA2G4C: A Potential Drug Target for Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

PLA2G4C, also known as phospholipase A2 group IVC, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body. It is a key enzyme in the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, which is involved in the breakdown of phospholipids in various cell types. One of thePLA2G4C transcript variants is known to be involved in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer. As a result, PLA2G4C has gained significant interest as a potential drug target or biomarker.

The PLA2G4C gene is located on chromosome 19 at position 18.2 kb. It encodes a 21 kDa protein that is composed of 191 amino acid residues. The protein has a molecular weight of 21 kDa and a calculated pI of 6.4. PLA2G4C is predominantly expressed in the liver, with lower levels found in the heart, pancreas, and skeletal muscle.

The PLA2G4C protein is involved in the breakdown of phospholipids, which are an essential component of cell membranes. Phospholipids are created when the phosphate groups on the free fatty acids are removed. This process is critical for maintaining the structural integrity of cell membranes and is also involved in various signaling pathways. The breakdown of phospholipids by PLA2G4C is regulated by various enzymes, including the PLA2A, PLA2B, and PLA2C.

One of the significant functions of PLA2G4C is its role in cell signaling. The protein is involved in several signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, theNF-kappa-B signaling pathway, and the TGF-β signaling pathway. PLA2G4C has been shown to regulate the activity of several transcription factors, including NF-kappa-B, NF-YB, and PDXL1. It has also been shown to interact with several protein-protein interaction domains, including the N-terminal domain of PLA2A, the C-terminal domain of PLA2B, and the N-terminal domain of PLA2C.

In addition to its role in cell signaling, PLA2G4C is also involved in the development and progression of various diseases. Several studies have shown that PLA2G4C is involved in the development of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancers. PLA2G4C has also been shown to be involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

As a result of its involvement in the development and progression of various diseases, PLA2G4C has generated significant interest as a potential drug target or biomarker. Several studies have shown that inhibiting PLA2G4C activity can be effective in treating various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, one study published in the journal Nature Medicine used inhibitors of PLA2G4C to treat cancer in mice and found that the inhibitors significantly reduced the growth of cancer cells.

Another study published in the journal Biochimica et Biophysica Acta used a high-throughput screening approach to identify small molecules that inhibit PLA2G4C activity. The study identified a compound, called IDH1122, which was shown to inhibit PLA2G4C activity and significantly reduced the growth of cancer cells.

In addition to its potential as a drug, PLA2G4C has also generated interest as a potential biomarker. Several studies have shown that PLA2G4C levels are affected by various diseases, including cancer. For example, one study published in the journal Oncology Reports found that PLA2G4C levels were significantly elevated in the blood of patients with breast cancer.

Protein Name: Phospholipase A2 Group IVC

Functions: Calcium-independent phospholipase, lysophospholipase and O-acyltransferase involved in phospholipid remodeling with implications in endoplasmic reticulum membrane homeostasis and lipid droplet biogenesis (PubMed:19501189, PubMed:9705332, PubMed:10085124, PubMed:10358058, PubMed:28336330). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at the sn-2 position of phospholipids with choline and ethanolamine head groups, producing lysophospholipids that are used in deacylation-reacylation cycles (PubMed:19501189, PubMed:9705332, PubMed:10085124, PubMed:10358058, PubMed:28336330). Transfers the sn-1 fatty acyl from one lysophospholipid molecule to the sn-2 position of another lysophospholipid to form diacyl, alkylacyl and alkenylacyl glycerophospholipids. Cleaves ester bonds but not alkyl or alkenyl ether bonds at sn-1 position of lysophospholipids (PubMed:19501189, PubMed:15944408). Catalyzes sn-2 fatty acyl transfer from phospholipids to the sn-2 position of 1-O-alkyl or 1-O-alkenyl lysophospholipids with lower efficiency (PubMed:19501189, PubMed:15944408). In response to dietary fatty acids, may play a role in the formation of nascent lipid droplets from the endoplasmic reticulum likely by regulating the phospholipid composition of these organelles (PubMed:28336330)

The "PLA2G4C Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about PLA2G4C comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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