IL4I1: A Protein Implicated in Disease (G259307)

Target Name: IL4I1

NCBI ID: G259307

IL4I1

IL4I1: A Protein Implicated in Disease

IL4I1 (Ophio-amino-acid oxidase), also known as HACE1, is a protein that is expressed in various tissues throughout the body, including the lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestines. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of amino acid metabolism and has been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune disorders.

One of the main functions of IL4I1 is its role in the detoxification of amino acids, which are essential nutrients that are required by the body for the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. Amino acids can be modified by enzymes called amino acid oxidases, which convert them into less reactive forms. IL4I1 is one of the key enzymes involved in this process and is responsible for converting the amino acid alanine into the more reactive form of amino acid glutamic acid.

In addition to its role in amino acid metabolism, IL4I1 is also involved in the regulation of cell signaling pathways. It has been shown to play a role in the regulation of angiogenesis, which is the process by which new blood vessels are formed, and has been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

IL4I1 has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation. It has been shown to play a role in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to the development and progression of inflammatory diseases. In addition, IL4I1 has also been shown to regulate the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which can help to counteract the pro-inflammatory effects of IL4I1.

Despite its involvement in a number of important biological processes, the role of IL4I1 in disease pathology is not well understood. While several studies have shown that IL4I1 is involved in the development and progression of a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases, more research is needed to fully understand its role in these processes.

One potential drug target for IL4I1 is the inhibition of its activity, which could be done using a variety of techniques, such as small molecule inhibitors, antibodies, or genetic modifiers. The use of these approaches could help to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and potentially slow the progression of diseases associated with IL4I1.

Another approach to studying IL4I1 is to use genetic modifiers to alter its expression levels. This could be done using techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing or RNA-based approaches. By modifying the expression of IL4I1, researchers may be able to gain a better understanding of its role in disease and develop potential new treatments.

Overall, IL4I1 is a protein that plays a crucial role in a number of important biological processes and is involved in the regulation of amino acid metabolism, cell signaling pathways, and inflammation. While more research is needed to fully understand its role in disease pathology, the inhibition of its activity or genetic modification may be a promising approach to developing new treatments for a number of diseases.

Protein Name: Interleukin 4 Induced 1

Functions: Secreted L-amino-acid oxidase that acts as a key immunoregulator (PubMed:17356132, PubMed:32818467, PubMed:32866000). Has preference for L-aromatic amino acids: converts phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) to phenylpyruvic acid (PP), hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (HPP), and indole-3-pyruvic acid (I3P), respectively (PubMed:17356132, PubMed:32818467, PubMed:32866000). Also has weak L-arginine oxidase activity (PubMed:26673964). Acts as a negative regulator of anti-tumor immunity by mediating Trp degradation via an indole pyruvate pathway that activates the transcription factor AHR (PubMed:32818467, PubMed:32866000). IL4I1-mediated Trp catabolism generates I3P, giving rise to indole metabolites (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-aldehyde (I3A)) and kynurenic acid, which act as ligands for AHR, a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays important roles in immunity and cancer (PubMed:32818467, PubMed:32866000). AHR activation by indoles following IL4I1-mediated Trp degradation enhances tumor progression by promoting cancer cell motility and suppressing adaptive immunity (PubMed:32818467). Also has an immunoregulatory function in some immune cells, probably by mediating Trp degradation and promoting downstream AHR activation: inhibits T-cell activation and proliferation, promotes the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into FOXP3(+) regulatory T-cells (Treg) and regulates the development and function of B-cells (PubMed:17356132, PubMed:25446972, PubMed:25778793, PubMed:28891065). Also regulates M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting T-cell activation (By similarity). Also has antibacterial properties by inhibiting growth of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria through the production of NH4(+) and H2O2 (PubMed:23355881)

The "IL4I1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about IL4I1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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