CA1: A Protein Essential for Cell Signaling, DNA Replication and Tissue Repair

Target Name: CA1

NCBI ID: G759

Content of Review Report on CA1 Target / Biomarker

CA1

CA1: A Protein Essential for Cell Signaling, DNA Replication and Tissue Repair

Carbonic anhydrase type I (CA1), also known as zinc-carbonate transmembrane protein 2 (ZCP2), is a protein that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes in the body, including cell signaling, DNA replication, and tissue repair. It is a member of the superfamily of proteins known as carbonic anhydrase enzymes, which are a group of transmembrane proteins that belong to the subfamily of zinc-carbonate transmembrane proteins (ZCPs). ZCPs are characterized by the presence of a zinc ion in their transmembrane region, which plays a central role in their unique structure and function.

The CA1 protein is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues and cells in the body. It is highly conserved, with sequence homologies across different species, including humans, fruit flies, yeast, and bacteria. The CA1 protein is predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of various cell types and is also found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the nuclear envelope (NE).

One of the key functions of the CA1 protein is its role in cell signaling. CA1 is involved in several signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway, the Wnt pathway, and the Hedgehog pathway. In these pathways, CA1 plays important roles in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. For example, in the TGF-β pathway, CA1 is involved in the regulation of TGF-β signaling, which is critical for cell growth, angiogenesis, and wound healing. In the Wnt pathway, CA1 is involved in the regulation of Wnt signaling, which is critical for the development and maintenance of tissues, including blood vessels and neural networks. In the Hedgehog pathway, CA1 is involved in the regulation of Hedgehog signaling, which is critical for the development and maintenance of neural networks and the nervous system.

Another important function of the CA1 protein is its role in DNA replication. CA1 is a critical enzyme in the DNA replication machinery, where it is involved in the regulation of the initiation of DNA replication. In addition, CA1 is also involved in the regulation of DNA repair, which is critical for the maintenance of genetic integrity in the cell.

In addition to its roles in cell signaling and DNA replication, the CA1 protein also has implications as a drug target or biomarker. One of the potential drug targets for CA1 is the inhibition of CA1 activity, which has been shown to have therapeutic potential in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. The use of small molecules and other compounds that inhibit CA1 activity is being explored as a potential approach for the treatment of these diseases.

Another potential use of CA1 as a biomarker is its ability to be used as a protein array or affinity purification assay. CA1 can be used to purify proteins from various cell extracts or body fluids, such as blood, saliva, or urine. This is done by affinity purification, whereCA1 is used as a ligand to elute the target protein from other proteins that are not bound by CA1. This method is based on the fact that CA1 has specific binding sites for certain proteins, and the target protein will be eluted from other proteins that do not have these binding sites.

In conclusion, CA1 is a protein that plays a critical role in various physiological processes in the body, including cell signaling, DNA replication, and tissue repair. Its conservation across different species makes it a promising candidate as a drug target or biomarker. The inhibition of CA1 activity is being explored as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune diseases. The use of small molecules and other compounds that inhibit CA1 activity is an promising approach for the development of new treatments for these diseases.

Protein Name: Carbonic Anhydrase 1

Functions: Catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (PubMed:10550681, PubMed:18618712). Can hydrate cyanamide to urea (PubMed:10550681)

The "CA1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about CA1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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