GNA12: Key Protein in GPCR Signaling and Potential Drug Target

Target Name: GNA12

NCBI ID: G2768

GNA12

GNA12: Key Protein in GPCR Signaling and Potential Drug Target

GNA12, also known as Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 (isoform 3), is a protein that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. It is a key component of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway, which is a well-established target for many diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. GNA12 has also been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases.

GNA12 is a 21-kDa protein that is expressed in many tissues, including the brain, heart, kidneys, and intestine. It is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is involved in the intracellular signaling of various GPCRs. GNA12 functions as a GPCR adaptor, which means it can interact with GPCRs that have been mutated to have altered affinity for GNA12. This interaction between GNA12 and GPCRs allows for the regulation of various cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and signaling pathways.

One of the most significant functions of GNA12 is its role in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. GPCRs are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to other parts of the body, including the muscles and organs. When a neurotransmitter is released from a GPCR, it can interact with GNA12 to regulate its activity. This interaction between GPCRs and GNA12 is critical for the proper functioning of the nervous system and for the regulation of various psychiatric and neurological disorders.

In addition to its role in neurotransmission, GNA12 is also involved in the regulation of ion channels and intracellular signaling pathways. GPCRs can activate ion channels, which regulate the flow of electrical charge through the cell membrane. GNA12 is involved in the regulation of these channels, allowing it to play a role in the regulation of muscle and heart contractions. It is also involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway, which is involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation.

GNA12 has also been identified as a potential drug target and biomarker for several diseases. For example, GNA12 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, and GNA12 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. This suggests that GNA12 may be a useful target for interventions aimed at reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Another potential application of GNA12 as a drug target is its role in the regulation of pain signaling. GPCRs are involved in the regulation of pain signaling, and GNA12 is involved in the regulation of pain signaling pathways. For example, GNA12 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of nociceitin, a potent pain-receptor protein that is involved in the regulation of pain signaling. This suggests that GNA12 may be a useful target for interventions aimed at reducing pain.

In addition to its potential as a drug target and biomarker, GNA12 is also considered a promising therapeutic target for several other diseases. For example, GNA12 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of cell adhesion, which is involved in the formation of tight junctions and adherens junctions, which are critical for the regulation of tissue structure and function. This suggests that GNA12 may be a useful target for interventions aimed at improving the structure and function of the body's tissues.

GNA12 is also involved in

Protein Name: G Protein Subunit Alpha 12

Functions: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:22609986, PubMed:15525651, PubMed:15240885, PubMed:17565996, PubMed:12515866, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:23762476, PubMed:27084452). Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF12/LARG) (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:12515866, PubMed:16202387). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling also regulates protein phosphatese 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of its target proteins (PubMed:15525651, PubMed:17565996). Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and up-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production (PubMed:23762476, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452). Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (PubMed:11976333, PubMed:16787920). Together with NAPA promotes CDH5 localization to plasma membrane (PubMed:15980433). May play a role in the control of cell migration through the TOR signaling cascade (PubMed:22609986)

The "GNA12 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about GNA12 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
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•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
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•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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