ATP2B3: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Plasma Membrane Calcium Pumps

Target Name: ATP2B3

NCBI ID: G492

ATP2B3

ATP2B3: A Potential Drug Target and Biomarker for Plasma Membrane Calcium Pumps

Introduction

Plasma membrane calcium pumps (PMCP) are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in maintaining cytoskeletal stability, neurotransmitter release, and intracellular signaling. The PMCP family includes 12 genes, of which ATP2B3 is the gene encoding PMCP-2. ATP2B3 plays an important role in regulating intracellular calcium ion concentration, maintaining cell morphology, and participating in signal transduction. In recent years, with the in-depth research on PMCP, it has been found that ATP2B3 has high prospects in the field of drug research and development. This article will discuss the mechanism of action, drug targets, biomarkers, etc. of ATP2B3 to provide a certain theoretical basis for ATP2B3 drug research.

1. The mechanism of action of ATP2B3

ATP2B3 is the only gene in the PMCP family encoding calcium ion transporting ATPase on the cell membrane. Calcium ions have a wide range of biological functions within cells, such as regulating muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, cell differentiation, etc. However, excessive calcium ion concentration can also have negative effects on cells, such as causing cell edema and apoptosis. Therefore, ATP2B3 plays an important role in maintaining appropriate intracellular calcium ion concentrations.

PMCP-2 encoded by ATP2B3 is a transmembrane protein with multiple ion channels on the cell membrane. When the intracellular calcium ion concentration increases, ATP2B3 binds to the ion channel on the cell membrane and releases intracellular calcium ions through the ion channel. On the contrary, when the intracellular calcium ion concentration decreases, ATP2B3 binds to the ion channel on the cell membrane and draws intracellular calcium ions back into the cell through the ion channel. In this way, ATP2B3 can dynamically regulate the intracellular calcium ion concentration, thereby maintaining a stable physiological environment within the cell.

2. Drug targets of ATP2B3

1. Calcium ion binding receptor

Calcium ion-binding receptors are a type of protein widely present on cell membranes. They can bind intracellular calcium ions and thereby regulate intracellular physiological processes. PMCP-2 encoded by ATP2B3 is one of the calcium ion-binding receptors. Calcium ion-binding receptors hold high promise in drug development as they can serve as targets for the treatment of many diseases. For example, calcium ion-binding receptors play an important role in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, Parkinson's disease, etc.

2. Ion channels

Ion channel is a protein channel on the cell membrane, responsible for maintaining the ion concentration difference between inside and outside the cell. PMCP-2 encoded by ATP2B3 is also an ion channel. Ion channels play a key role in the transmission of nerve impulses. Nerve impulses can be transmitted between cells by the opening and closing of ion channels. Therefore, ion channels are important targets in neuroscience research. PMCP-2 ion channels encoded by ATP2B3 are highly promising in drug development as they can serve as targets for the treatment of neurological diseases.

3. Biomarkers of ATP2B3

Biomarkers are biological molecules that can be used to diagnose or evaluate patients with a disease. In drug research on ATP2B3, biomarkers can serve as an important means to evaluate drug efficacy and monitor disease progression. Currently, researchers have discovered some biomarkers related to ATP2B3, including:

1. Protein expression level: Many studies have confirmed that the expression level of ATP2B3 gene can be used as a biomarker to evaluate ATP2B3 function. Studies have found that the expression level of ATP2B3 increases with the increase of intracellular calcium ion concentration and decreases with the decrease of intracellular calcium ion concentration.

2. Antibody levels: Researchers have discovered a variety of antibodies related to ATP2B3, which can be used to detect the expression level of ATP2B3. These antibodies can serve as biomarkers for assessing ATP2B3 function.

3. Peptide level: After modification in cells, the protein encoded by ATP2B3 can form a series of biologically active peptides.

Protein Name: ATPase Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Transporting 3

Functions: ATP-driven Ca(2+) ion pump involved in the maintenance of basal intracellular Ca(2+) levels at the presynaptic terminals (PubMed:25953895, PubMed:27035656, PubMed:22912398, PubMed:18029012). Uses ATP as an energy source to transport cytosolic Ca(2+) ions across the plasma membrane to the extracellular compartment (PubMed:25953895, PubMed:27035656). May counter-transport protons, but the mechanism and the stoichiometry of this Ca(2+)/H(+) exchange remains to be established (By similarity)

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