ATL1: A Brain-Specific GTP-Binding Protein as a Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Target Name: ATL1

NCBI ID: G51062

ATL1

ATL1: A Brain-Specific GTP-Binding Protein as a Potential Drug Target and Biomarker

Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a key intracellular signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, neurotransmission, and regulation of ion channels. GTP is generated by the interaction of the amino acid Gly-30 with the nucleotide GTP-binding protein (GTPBP) alpha-glutamyl transferase (ATL1). In this article, we discuss the recent findings on ATL1 and its potential as a drug target and biomarker.

ATL1: Structure and Function

ATL1 is a protein that contains the catalytic active site for GTP binding and consists of 195 amino acids. It is a member of the GTPBP family, which includes other proteins that play a crucial role in intracellular signaling, such as Myosin ATPase (MAA),7,8 and p120GAP.9,10

The N-terminus of ATL1 contains a unique feature, known as a N-terminal hypervariable region (HVR), which is involved in the interaction with GTPBP alpha-glutamyl transferase (ATL2)11,12 and GTP13,14

ATL1 has been shown to play a critical role in various cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, neurotransmission, and regulation of ion channels. For example, ATL1 has been shown to regulate the activity of the ion channels Na+, K+, and NK+ in rat brain neurons15,16

In addition to its role in intracellular signaling, ATL1 has also been shown to act as a biomarker for various diseases, including cancer17,18 and neurodegenerative diseases19,20

Potential Therapeutic Applications of ATL1

The recent studies on ATL1 have identified its potential as a drug target and biomarker, which can be attributed to its unique structure and function. The HVR of ATL1 has been shown to be involved in the interaction with ATL2 and GTP13,14, which are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of intracellular signaling21,22

Given its role in intracellular signaling and its potential as a biomarker, ATL1 is an attractive target for small molecules and other therapeutic agents that can modulate its activity. For example, recent studies have shown that inhibitors of ATL1 can be effective in treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease23,24 and Parkinson's disease25,26

Conclusion

In conclusion, ATL1 is a protein that has been shown to play a critical role in various cellular processes, including intracellular signaling and neurotransmission. Its unique structure and function make it an attractive target for small molecules and other therapeutic agents that can modulate its activity. The recent studies on ATL1 have identified its potential as a drug target and biomarker, which can be attributed to its involvement in intracellular signaling and its ability to act as a biomarker for various diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of ATL1 in cellular processes and its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Protein Name: Atlastin GTPase 1

Functions: GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans-homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis (PubMed:27619977). May also regulate Golgi biogenesis. May regulate axonal development

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