ABL1: A Potential Drug Target for Cancer (G25)

Target Name: ABL1

NCBI ID: G25

ABL1

ABL1: A Potential Drug Target for Cancer

ABL1 (ABL1_HUMAN), a protein that belongs to the B-cell lymphoma 1 (BCL1) family, has been identified as a potential drug target or biomarker for various types of cancer, including human leukemia, lymphoma, and brain tumors. ABL1 is a transmembrane protein that is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, spleen, and lymphoid organs. It plays a crucial role in the development and progression of B-cell lymphomas, as well as other hematological malignancies.

The BCL1 family is a group of transmembrane proteins that are characterized by the presence of a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD), a zinc finger, and a carboxy-terminal hypervariable region (CTHR). BCL1 is a family member that has been implicated in the development and progression of various types of cancer, including B-cell lymphomas, leukemia, and brain tumors.

ABL1, which consists of 215 amino acid residues, is a key member of the BCL1 family. It is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, spleen, and lymphoid organs. ABL1 is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including cell growth , apoptosis, and inflammation.

One of the most significant functions of ABL1 is its role in the development and progression of B-cell lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas are a type of cancer that originate from the B-cell lineage of the immune system. These tumors are characterized by the production of large B cells that are involved in the generation of antibodies to fight off infections. ABL1 is known to be involved in the regulation of the survival and proliferation of B cells, as well as their activation and differentiation.

In addition to its role in B-cell lymphoma development, ABL1 is also implicated in the development and progression of other types of cancer, including leukemia and brain tumors. For example, studies have shown that ABL1 is expressed in various types of leukemia, including acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia. It is also a predictor of outcomes in patients with brain tumors, and has been shown to be involved in the development of various types of brain tumors, including glioblastoma and astrocytoma.

ABL1 is a transmembrane protein that is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. Its role in the development and progression of B-cell lymphomas, as well as other types of cancer, makes it an attractive target for researchers to investigate and develop new treatments. As a potential drug target or biomarker, ABL1 can be a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of cancer.

Protein Name: ABL Proto-oncogene 1, Non-receptor Tyrosine Kinase

Functions: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility and adhesion, receptor endocytosis, autophagy, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Coordinates actin remodeling through tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics like WASF3 (involved in branch formation); ANXA1 (involved in membrane anchoring); DBN1, DBNL, CTTN, RAPH1 and ENAH (involved in signaling); or MAPT and PXN (microtubule-binding proteins). Phosphorylation of WASF3 is critical for the stimulation of lamellipodia formation and cell migration. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through phosphorylation of key regulators of these processes such as BCAR1, CRK, CRKL, DOK1, EFS or NEDD9 (PubMed:22810897). Phosphorylates multiple receptor tyrosine kinases and more particularly promotes endocytosis of EGFR, facilitates the formation of neuromuscular synapses through MUSK, inhibits PDGFRB-mediated chemotaxis and modulates the endocytosis of activated B-cell receptor complexes. Other substrates which are involved in endocytosis regulation are the caveolin (CAV1) and RIN1. Moreover, ABL1 regulates the CBL family of ubiquitin ligases that drive receptor down-regulation and actin remodeling. Phosphorylation of CBL leads to increased EGFR stability. Involved in late-stage autophagy by regulating positively the trafficking and function of lysosomal components. ABL1 targets to mitochondria in response to oxidative stress and thereby mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. In response to oxidative stress, phosphorylates serine/threonine kinase PRKD2 at 'Tyr-717' (PubMed:28428613). ABL1 is also translocated in the nucleus where it has DNA-binding activity and is involved in DNA-damage response and apoptosis. Many substrates are known mediators of DNA repair: DDB1, DDB2, ERCC3, ERCC6, RAD9A, RAD51, RAD52 or WRN. Activates the proapoptotic pathway when the DNA damage is too severe to be repaired. Phosphorylates TP73, a primary regulator for this type of damage-induced apoptosis. Phosphorylates the caspase CASP9 on 'Tyr-153' and regulates its processing in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Phosphorylates PSMA7 that leads to an inhibition of proteasomal activity and cell cycle transition blocks. ABL1 acts also as a regulator of multiple pathological signaling cascades during infection. Several known tyrosine-phosphorylated microbial proteins have been identified as ABL1 substrates. This is the case of A36R of Vaccinia virus, Tir (translocated intimin receptor) of pathogenic E.coli and possibly Citrobacter, CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) of H.pylori, or AnkA (ankyrin repeat-containing protein A) of A.phagocytophilum. Pathogens can highjack ABL1 kinase signaling to reorganize the host actin cytoskeleton for multiple purposes, like facilitating intracellular movement and host cell exit. Finally, functions as its own regulator through autocatalytic activity as well as through phosphorylation of its inhibitor, ABI1. Regulates T-cell differentiation in a TBX21-dependent manner (By similarity). Positively regulates chemokine-mediated T-cell migration, polarization, and homing to lymph nodes and immune-challenged tissues, potentially via activation of NEDD9/HEF1 and RAP1 (By similarity). Phosphorylates TBX21 on tyrosine residues leading to an enhancement of its transcriptional activator activity (By similarity)

The "ABL1 Target / Biomarker Review Report" is a customizable review of hundreds up to thousends of related scientific research literature by AI technology, covering specific information about ABL1 comprehensively, including but not limited to:
•   general information;
•   protein structure and compound binding;
•   protein biological mechanisms;
•   its importance;
•   the target screening and validation;
•   expression level;
•   disease relevance;
•   drug resistance;
•   related combination drugs;
•   pharmacochemistry experiments;
•   related patent analysis;
•   advantages and risks of development, etc.
The report is helpful for project application, drug molecule design, research progress updates, publication of research papers, patent applications, etc. If you are interested to get a full version of this report, please feel free to contact us at BD@silexon.ai

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