ATG4C: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Target Name: ATG4C

NCBI ID: G84938

ATG4C

ATG4C: A Promising Drug Target and Biomarker for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Introduction

ATG4C, a variant of the ATG4 gene, has emerged as a promising drug target and biomarker for various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. These conditions affect millions of people worldwide, leading to significant economic and societal costs. Therefore, identifying potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for these diseases is of great importance.

ATG4C: The gene for the natural phenomenon

ATG4C is a gene located on chromosome 12q34.2 in the nucleus of the human cell. It encodes a protein known as ATG4, which is a key component of the outer mitochondrial membrane. The primary function of ATG4 is to regulate the movement of mitochondria, which are organelles responsible for generating energy in the cell.

ATG4C variants and neurodegenerative diseases

Recent studies have shown that ATG4C variants are associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. For example, the frequency of ATG4C mutations in patients with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease is higher than in the normal population. In addition, ATG4C variants are positively correlated with clinical manifestations and disease severity in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. These findings provide important clues in the search for potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.

ATG4C's potential as a drug target

Due to the association of ATG4C with neurodegenerative diseases, researchers began to explore the potential of ATG4C as a drug target. Currently, some studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ATG4C in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

For example, one study showed that the use of an anti-ATG4C antibody significantly improved cognitive function and survival in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In addition, another study found that inhibiting the activity of ATG4C can significantly reduce the severity of symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. These results indicate that ATG4C may become a potential drug target.

The potential of ATG4C as a biological specimen

In addition to research on drug targets, ATG4C is also considered a potential biological specimen. The association of ATG4C variants with neurodegenerative diseases makes it a useful biomarker.

For example, some studies have found that ATG4C variants are positively correlated with the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, ATG4C variation can also be used as a monitoring indicator of disease progression and treatment response. These results suggest that ATG4C can serve as a potential biological specimen for detecting the progression and treatment response of neurodegenerative diseases.

in conclusion

ATG4C is a gene associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Its variations are associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases and have shown potential as drug targets. In addition, ATG4C is also considered as a potential biological specimen that can be used to detect the progression and treatment response of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, future studies should further explore the potential of ATG4C in treating neurodegenerative diseases and provide patients with better treatment options.

Protein Name: Autophagy Related 4C Cysteine Peptidase

Functions: Cysteine protease that plays a key role in autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:21177865, PubMed:29458288, PubMed:30661429). The protease activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8 family proteins: cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 proteins MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2, to reveal a C-terminal glycine (PubMed:21177865). Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy (By similarity). In addition to the protease activity, also mediates delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:29458288, PubMed:33909989). Catalyzes delipidation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 proteins during macroautophagy (PubMed:29458288, PubMed:33909989). Compared to ATG4B, the major protein for proteolytic activation of ATG8 proteins, shows weaker ability to cleave the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 proteins, while it displays stronger delipidation activity (PubMed:29458288). In contrast to other members of the family, weakly or not involved in phagophore growth during mitophagy (PubMed:33773106)

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